वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-48, verse-12

विषये वा पुरे वा ते यदा रामो महाबलः ।
नापराध्यति धर्मात्मा कथं तस्यापराध्यसि ॥१२॥

12. viṣaye vā pure vā te yadā rāmo mahābalaḥ ,
nāparādhyati dharmātmā kathaṃ tasyāparādhyasi.

12. viṣaye vā pure vā te yadā rāmaḥ mahābalaḥ na
aparādhyati dharmātmā katham tasya aparādhyasi

12. yadā mahābalaḥ dharmātmā rāmaḥ te viṣaye vā
pure vā na aparādhyati katham tasya aparādhyasi

12. When the mighty Rāma, whose very being embodies natural law (dharma), commits no offense in your country or city, how then can you offend him?

Words meanings summery:

• विषये (viṣaye) - in the country (in the country, in the region, in the sphere, in the object of sense)

• वा (vā) - or (or, either)

• पुरे (pure) - in the city (in the city, in the town)

• वा (vā) - or (or, either)

• ते (te) - your (to you, your, by you)

• यदा (yadā) - when

• रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rāma (Rāma (proper name))

• महाबलः (mahābalaḥ) - mighty (mighty, of great strength)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• अपराध्यति (aparādhyati) - commits no offense (offends, wrongs, transgresses)

• धर्मात्मा (dharmātmā) - whose very being embodies natural law (dharma) (righteous-souled, whose nature is dharma)

• कथम् (katham) - how then (how, why)

• तस्य (tasya) - him (dative sense, 'against him') (of him, his, to him)

• अपराध्यसि (aparādhyasi) - you offend (you offend, you wrong)

Words meanings and morphology

विषये (viṣaye) - in the country (in the country, in the region, in the sphere, in the object of sense)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of viṣaya

viṣaya - range, scope, domain, sphere, country, region, object of sense

From `vi` (prefix) + `si` (to bind) + `ya` (suffix).

Prefix: vi

Root: si (class 5)

वा (vā) - or (or, either)

(indeclinable)

पुरे (pure) - in the city (in the city, in the town)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of pura

pura - city, town, fortress

वा (vā) - or (or, either)

(indeclinable)

ते (te) - your (to you, your, by you)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of tvad

tvad - you (pronoun)

Pronominal stem for second person singular.

Note: Genitive indicating possession "your".

यदा (yadā) - when

(indeclinable)

Adverb formed from pronominal stem `yad`.

रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rāma (Rāma (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rāma (name of the seventh incarnation of Viṣṇu, son of Daśaratha)

Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Subject of the first clause.

महाबलः (mahābalaḥ) - mighty (mighty, of great strength)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahābala

mahābala - of great strength, very powerful, mighty

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+bala)

• mahat – great, large, mighty, extensive
  adjective (neuter)
  Feminine stem `mahā`.
• bala – strength, power, force, might, army
  noun (neuter)
  Root: bal (class 1)

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

अपराध्यति (aparādhyati) - commits no offense (offends, wrongs, transgresses)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of aparādh

Present indicative, 3rd person singular. From `apa` (prefix) + `rādh` (to succeed, accomplish, also to injure).

Prefix: apa

Root: rādh (class 5)

धर्मात्मा (dharmātmā) - whose very being embodies natural law (dharma) (righteous-souled, whose nature is dharma)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharmātman

dharmātman - whose soul is righteousness, righteous-souled, virtuous in nature

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dharma+ātman)

• dharma – righteousness, duty, natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, virtue, moral law
  noun (masculine)
  From root `dhṛ` (to uphold, support).
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence, mind
  noun (masculine)
  Root: an (class 2)

कथम् (katham) - how then (how, why)

(indeclinable)

Interrogative adverb.

तस्य (tasya) - him (dative sense, 'against him') (of him, his, to him)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Pronominal stem.

Note: Genitive in a dative-like function (against him).

अपराध्यसि (aparādhyasi) - you offend (you offend, you wrong)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of aparādh

Present indicative, 2nd person singular. From `apa` (prefix) + `rādh` (to succeed, accomplish, also to injure).

Prefix: apa

Root: rādh (class 5)