वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-48, verse-11

कामस्वभावो यो यस्य न स शक्यः प्रमार्जितुम् ।
न हि दुष्टात्मनामार्य मा वसत्यालये चिरम् ॥११॥

11. kāmasvabhāvo yo yasya na sa śakyaḥ pramārjitum ,
na hi duṣṭātmanāmārya mā vasatyālaye ciram.

11. kāmasvabhāvaḥ yaḥ yasya na saḥ śakyaḥ pramārjitum
na hi duṣṭātmanām ārya mā vasati ālaye ciram

11. yasya yaḥ kāmasvabhāvaḥ saḥ pramārjitum na śakyaḥ
hi ārya duṣṭātmanām ālaye mā ciram na vasati

11. One's inherent nature, driven by desire (kāma), cannot be eradicated. Indeed, O noble one, good fortune does not long reside in the homes of the evil-minded.

Words meanings summery:

• कामस्वभावः (kāmasvabhāvaḥ) - one's inherent nature driven by desire (nature of desire, desirous nature, disposition towards desire)

• यः (yaḥ) - that which (is) (who, which, that)

• यस्य (yasya) - whose (whose, of which, of whom)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• सः (saḥ) - that (nature) (he, that)

• शक्यः (śakyaḥ) - possible (to be) (able, possible, can be done, capable)

• प्रमार्जितुम् (pramārjitum) - to be erased (to wipe away, to erase, to cleanse)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, for, because)

• दुष्टात्मनाम् (duṣṭātmanām) - of the evil-minded (of the evil-minded, of those with wicked souls)

• आर्य (ārya) - O noble one (vocative) (O noble one, respectable one)

• मा (mā) - (implied 'good fortune' or 'prosperity') (prosperity, wealth, fortune; or prohibitive particle 'not')

• वसति (vasati) - resides (dwells, resides, lives)

• आलये (ālaye) - in the homes (in the abode, in the home, in the dwelling)

• चिरम् (ciram) - long (for a long time) (for a long time, long)

Words meanings and morphology

कामस्वभावः (kāmasvabhāvaḥ) - one's inherent nature driven by desire (nature of desire, desirous nature, disposition towards desire)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kāmasvabhāva

kāmasvabhāva - nature of desire, inherent disposition of desire

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kāma+svabhāva)

• kāma – desire, wish, love, pleasure, lust
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kam (class 1)
• svabhāva – one's own nature, inherent disposition, essential character
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: sva
  Root: bhū (class 1)

यः (yaḥ) - that which (is) (who, which, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what, that

यस्य (yasya) - whose (whose, of which, of whom)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what, that

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

सः (saḥ) - that (nature) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

शक्यः (śakyaḥ) - possible (to be) (able, possible, can be done, capable)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śakya

śakya - possible, capable, able, practicable

Gerundive

From root `śak` (to be able), suffix `ya`. Denotes 'fit to be' or 'possible to be'.

Root: śak (class 5)

प्रमार्जितुम् (pramārjitum) - to be erased (to wipe away, to erase, to cleanse)

(indeclinable)

infinitive

Infinitive from root `mṛj` (to wipe, cleanse) with prefix `pra`.

Prefix: pra

Root: mṛj (class 2)

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, for, because)

(indeclinable)

दुष्टात्मनाम् (duṣṭātmanām) - of the evil-minded (of the evil-minded, of those with wicked souls)

(adjective)

Genitive, plural of duṣṭātman

duṣṭātman - evil-minded, wicked, depraved, corrupt in soul

Compound type : bahuvrihi (duṣṭa+ātman)

• duṣṭa – corrupt, wicked, evil, bad, spoiled
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `duṣ` (to be bad, to spoil)
  Root: duṣ (class 4)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence, mind
  noun (masculine)
  Root: an (class 2)

Note: Genitive plural, referring to "of those who are evil-minded".

आर्य (ārya) - O noble one (vocative) (O noble one, respectable one)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of ārya

ārya - noble, respectable, honorable, excellent (as an adjective); a noble person, a master (as a noun)

मा (mā) - (implied 'good fortune' or 'prosperity') (prosperity, wealth, fortune; or prohibitive particle 'not')

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of mā

mā - prosperity, wealth, fortune (feminine noun); or prohibitive particle 'not'

Note: The subject of `vasati` (dwells).

वसति (vasati) - resides (dwells, resides, lives)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of vas

Present indicative, 3rd person singular.

Root: vas (class 1)

आलये (ālaye) - in the homes (in the abode, in the home, in the dwelling)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of ālaya

ālaya - house, dwelling, abode, receptacle

From `ā` (prefix) + `lī` (to cling, adhere) + `a` (suffix).

Prefix: ā

Root: lī (class 4)

Note: Singular used generically for plural concept.

चिरम् (ciram) - long (for a long time) (for a long time, long)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial accusative of `cira` (long).

Note: Functions adverbially.