वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-24, verse-3

स खरस्याज्ञया सूतस्तुरगान् समचोदयत् ।
यत्र रामो महाबाहुरेको धुन्वन्धनुः स्थितः ॥३॥

3. sa kharasyājñayā sūtasturagān samacodayat ,
yatra rāmo mahābāhureko dhunvandhanuḥ sthitaḥ.

3. saḥ kharasya ājñayā sūtaḥ turagān samacodayat
yatra rāmaḥ mahābāhuḥ ekaḥ dhunvan dhanuḥ sthitaḥ

3. kharasya ājñayā saḥ sūtaḥ turagān samacodayat
yatra mahābāhuḥ ekaḥ dhanuḥ dhunvan sthitaḥ rāmaḥ

3. By Khara's command, that charioteer urged the horses towards the place where Rāma, the mighty-armed one, stood alone, shaking his bow.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - that (charioteer) (he, that)

• खरस्य (kharasya) - of Khara

• आज्ञया (ājñayā) - by (Khara's) command (by command, by order)

• सूतः (sūtaḥ) - charioteer (charioteer, driver, son)

• तुरगान् (turagān) - horses

• समचोदयत् (samacodayat) - he urged on (he urged, he impelled, he drove on)

• यत्र (yatra) - where (where, in which place)

• रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rāma

• महाबाहुः (mahābāhuḥ) - the mighty-armed one (mighty-armed, strong-armed)

• एकः (ekaḥ) - alone (alone, single, one)

• धुन्वन् (dhunvan) - shaking (his bow) (shaking, brandishing)

• धनुः (dhanuḥ) - bow

• स्थितः (sthitaḥ) - stood (stood, situated, standing)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - that (charioteer) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the charioteer mentioned in the previous verse.

खरस्य (kharasya) - of Khara

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of khara

khara - Khara (proper noun), sharp, cruel, donkey

आज्ञया (ājñayā) - by (Khara's) command (by command, by order)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of ājñā

ājñā - command, order, permission

Prefix: ā

Root: jñā (class 9)

सूतः (sūtaḥ) - charioteer (charioteer, driver, son)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sūta

sūta - charioteer, driver, son, bard

तुरगान् (turagān) - horses

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of turaga

turaga - horse, quick-moving

Root: tvar (class 1)

समचोदयत् (samacodayat) - he urged on (he urged, he impelled, he drove on)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of cud

Imperfect tense, Parasmaipada, 3rd person singular

Prefix: sam

Root: cud (class 10)

Note: Upasarga 'sam' adds emphasis or completeness.

यत्र (yatra) - where (where, in which place)

(indeclinable)

रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rāma

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rāma (proper noun), pleasing, beautiful

महाबाहुः (mahābāhuḥ) - the mighty-armed one (mighty-armed, strong-armed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahābāhu

mahābāhu - mighty-armed, strong-armed, a hero

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+bāhu)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective
• bāhu – arm
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with Rāma.

एकः (ekaḥ) - alone (alone, single, one)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of eka

eka - one, single, alone, unique

Note: Agrees with Rāma.

धुन्वन् (dhunvan) - shaking (his bow) (shaking, brandishing)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhū

dhū - to shake, to agitate, to move

Present Active Participle

Derived from root 'dhū' (or 'dhun') with suffix '-at'

Root: dhū (class 5)

Note: Agrees with Rāma (implicit subject).

धनुः (dhanuḥ) - bow

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dhanus

dhanus - bow, arc

Note: Object of 'dhunvan'.

स्थितः (sthitaḥ) - stood (stood, situated, standing)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sthita

sthita - stood, standing, situated, firm, fixed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'sthā' (to stand)

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with Rāma.