वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-17, verse-13

इति सा लक्ष्मणेनोक्ता कराला निर्णतोदरी ।
मन्यते तद्वचः सत्यं परिहासाविचक्षणा ॥१३॥

13. iti sā lakṣmaṇenoktā karālā nirṇatodarī ,
manyate tadvacaḥ satyaṃ parihāsāvicakṣaṇā.

13. iti sā lakṣmaṇena uktā karālā nirṇatodarī
manyate tat vacaḥ satyam parihāsāvicakṣaṇā

13. sā karālā nirṇatodarī lakṣmaṇena uktā iti
tat vacaḥ satyam manyate parihāsāvicakṣaṇā

13. Thus, that hideous one with a sunken belly, having been addressed by Lakshmana, believed his words to be true, as she lacked discernment regarding jests.

Words meanings summery:

• इति (iti) - thus, so, in this manner

• सा (sā) - referring to Shurpanakha (she, that (feminine singular))

• लक्ष्मणेन (lakṣmaṇena) - by Lakshmana

• उक्ता (uktā) - having been addressed (spoken, told, addressed)

• कराला (karālā) - dreadful, hideous, terrible

• निर्णतोदरी (nirṇatodarī) - having a sunken belly, emaciated

• मन्यते (manyate) - believes, considers, thinks

• तत् (tat) - his (Lakshmana's) (that, his)

• वचः (vacaḥ) - word, speech, saying

• सत्यम् (satyam) - as true (true, truth)

• परिहासाविचक्षणा (parihāsāvicakṣaṇā) - unskilled in jokes, not discerning in humor

Words meanings and morphology

इति (iti) - thus, so, in this manner

(indeclinable)

सा (sā) - referring to Shurpanakha (she, that (feminine singular))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

लक्ष्मणेन (lakṣmaṇena) - by Lakshmana

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of lakṣmaṇa

lakṣmaṇa - Lakshmana (Rama's brother)

उक्ता (uktā) - having been addressed (spoken, told, addressed)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of ukta

ukta - spoken, said, told

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Past passive participle, agreeing with 'sā'

कराला (karālā) - dreadful, hideous, terrible

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of karāla

karāla - dreadful, terrible, hideous, formidable

Note: Agreeing with 'sā'

निर्णतोदरी (nirṇatodarī) - having a sunken belly, emaciated

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of nirṇatodarī

nirṇatodarī - having a sunken belly, emaciated

Compound word, Bahuvrihi

Compound type : bahuvrihi (nirṇata+udara)

• nirṇata – bent down, sunken, depressed
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root nam (to bend) with prefix nir-
  Prefix: nis
  Root: nam (class 1)
• udara – belly, abdomen
  noun (neuter)

Note: Compound adjective, agreeing with 'sā'

मन्यते (manyate) - believes, considers, thinks

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of man

Root verb

Root: man (class 4)

तत् (tat) - his (Lakshmana's) (that, his)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it, his, her

Note: Modifying 'vacaḥ'

वचः (vacaḥ) - word, speech, saying

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacas

vacas - word, speech, saying

Note: Object of 'manyate'

सत्यम् (satyam) - as true (true, truth)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of satya

satya - true, real, truthful; truth, reality

Note: Predicative adjective, 'believes it to be true'

परिहासाविचक्षणा (parihāsāvicakṣaṇā) - unskilled in jokes, not discerning in humor

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of parihāsāvicakṣaṇa

parihāsāvicakṣaṇa - not discerning in humor, unskilled in jests

Compound word, negative prefix 'a-'

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa, then upapada-tatpuruṣa (parihāsa+a+vicakṣaṇa)

• parihāsa – jest, joke, ridicule, sport
  noun (masculine)
  From root has (to laugh) with prefix pari-
  Prefix: pari
  Root: has (class 1)
• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• vicakṣaṇa – discerning, skillful, clever, expert
  adjective (masculine)
  From root cakṣ (to see, perceive) with prefix vi-
  Prefix: vi
  Root: cakṣ (class 2)

Note: Compound adjective, agreeing with 'sā'

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