वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-17, verse-1

तां तु शूर्पणखां रामः कामपाशावपाशिताम् ।
स्वेच्छया श्लक्ष्णया वाचा स्मितपूर्वमथाब्रवीत् ॥१॥

1. tāṃ tu śūrpaṇakhāṃ rāmaḥ kāmapāśāvapāśitām ,
svecchayā ślakṣṇayā vācā smitapūrvamathābravīt.

1. tām tu śūrpaṇakhām rāmaḥ kāmapāśāvapāśitām
svecchayā ślakṣṇayā vācā smitapūrvam atha abravīt

1. rāmaḥ tu kāmapāśāvapāśitām tām śūrpaṇakhām
svecchayā ślakṣṇayā vācā smitapūrvam atha abravīt

1. Then, Rama, with a gentle voice, preceded by a smile, intentionally spoke to that Shurpanakha, who was completely ensnared by the bonds of desire.

Words meanings summery:

• ताम् (tām) - that (Shurpanakha) (her, that)

• तु (tu) - indeed, emphasizing the recipient (indeed, but, moreover)

• शूर्पणखाम् (śūrpaṇakhām) - to Shurpanakha (Shurpanakha (proper noun))

• रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rama (the son of Dasharatha) (Rama)

• कामपाशावपाशिताम् (kāmapāśāvapāśitām) - Shurpanakha, ensnared by the bonds of desire (bound by the noose of desire, ensnared by the bonds of love)

• स्वेच्छया (svecchayā) - intentionally (by one's own will, voluntarily, intentionally)

• श्लक्ष्णया (ślakṣṇayā) - with gentle (words) (by soft, gentle, smooth)

• वाचा (vācā) - with a voice (by speech, by words, with a voice)

• स्मितपूर्वम् (smitapūrvam) - preceded by a smile (preceded by a smile, with a smile)

• अथ (atha) - then (then, now, moreover)

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he (Rama) spoke (he spoke, he said)

Words meanings and morphology

ताम् (tām) - that (Shurpanakha) (her, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

तु (tu) - indeed, emphasizing the recipient (indeed, but, moreover)

(indeclinable)

शूर्पणखाम् (śūrpaṇakhām) - to Shurpanakha (Shurpanakha (proper noun))

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śūrpaṇakhā

śūrpaṇakhā - Shurpanakha (name of Ravana's sister)

रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rama (the son of Dasharatha) (Rama)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama (a proper name, usually referring to the protagonist of the Ramayana)

कामपाशावपाशिताम् (kāmapāśāvapāśitām) - Shurpanakha, ensnared by the bonds of desire (bound by the noose of desire, ensnared by the bonds of love)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kāmapāśāvapāśitā

kāmapāśāvapāśitā - bound by the noose of desire

Past Passive Participle

Derived from √pāś (to bind) with ava- prefix and compounded with kāmapāśa

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kāma+pāśa+avapāśita)

• kāma – desire, love
  noun (masculine)
• pāśa – noose, bond, snare
  noun (masculine)
• avapāśita – bound, ensnared
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from √pāś (to bind) with prefix ava-
  Prefix: ava
  Root: pāś (class 10)

Note: Modifies Shurpanakha.

स्वेच्छया (svecchayā) - intentionally (by one's own will, voluntarily, intentionally)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of svecchā

svecchā - one's own will, free will

Compound type : karmadhāraya (sva+icchā)

• sva – own, self
  pronoun
• icchā – will, wish, desire
  noun (feminine)

श्लक्ष्णया (ślakṣṇayā) - with gentle (words) (by soft, gentle, smooth)

(adjective)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of ślakṣṇa

ślakṣṇa - smooth, soft, gentle, tender

Note: Agrees with vācā.

वाचा (vācā) - with a voice (by speech, by words, with a voice)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of vāc

vāc - speech, voice, word

स्मितपूर्वम् (smitapūrvam) - preceded by a smile (preceded by a smile, with a smile)

(indeclinable)

Accusative singular neuter of an adjective used adverbially

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (smita+pūrva)

• smita – smile
  noun (neuter)
• pūrva – preceding, before
  adjective

Note: Used adverbially.

अथ (atha) - then (then, now, moreover)

(indeclinable)

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he (Rama) spoke (he spoke, he said)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of vac

Imperfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice

Root: vac (class 2)