वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-14, verse-16

सालैस्तालैस्तमालैश्च खर्जूरैः पनसाम्रकैः ।
नीवारैस्तिमिशैश्चैव पुंनागैश्चोपशोभिताः ॥१६॥

16. sālaistālaistamālaiśca kharjūraiḥ panasāmrakaiḥ ,
nīvāraistimiśaiścaiva puṃnāgaiścopaśobhitāḥ.

16. sālaiḥ tālaiḥ tamālaiḥ ca kharjūraiḥ panasāmrakaiḥ
nīvāraiḥ timiśaiḥ ca eva punnāgaiḥ ca upaśobhitāḥ

16. sālaiḥ tālaiḥ tamālaiḥ ca kharjūraiḥ panasāmrakaiḥ
nīvāraiḥ timiśaiḥ ca eva punnāgaiḥ ca upaśobhitāḥ

16. They were adorned and beautified with Sal trees, Fan-palm trees, Tamala trees, and date palms; with jackfruit and mango trees; with wild rice, Timisha trees, and Punnaga trees.

Words meanings summery:

• सालैः (sālaiḥ) - with Sal trees

• तालैः (tālaiḥ) - with Fan-palm trees

• तमालैः (tamālaiḥ) - with Tamala trees

• च (ca) - and

• खर्जूरैः (kharjūraiḥ) - with Date-palm trees

• पनसाम्रकैः (panasāmrakaiḥ) - with Jackfruit and Mango trees

• नीवारैः (nīvāraiḥ) - with wild rice plants

• तिमिशैः (timiśaiḥ) - with Timisha trees; with aquatic plants

• च (ca) - and

• एव (eva) - indeed; certainly; only

• पुन्नागैः (punnāgaiḥ) - with Punnaga trees

• च (ca) - and

• उपशोभिताः (upaśobhitāḥ) - adorned; beautified; decorated

Words meanings and morphology

सालैः (sālaiḥ) - with Sal trees

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sāla

sāla - Sal tree (Shorea robusta)

तालैः (tālaiḥ) - with Fan-palm trees

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tāla

tāla - Fan-palm, palmyra tree (Borassus flabellifer)

तमालैः (tamālaiḥ) - with Tamala trees

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tamāla

tamāla - Tamala tree (Cinnamomum tamala or Xanthochymus pictorius)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

खर्जूरैः (kharjūraiḥ) - with Date-palm trees

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of kharjūra

kharjūra - Date-palm tree (Phoenix dactylifera)

पनसाम्रकैः (panasāmrakaiḥ) - with Jackfruit and Mango trees

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of panasāmraka

panasāmraka - a combined term for Jackfruit and Mango trees, or a tree bearing both fruits (less likely)

Compound type : dvandva (panasa+āmraka)

• panasa – Jackfruit tree (Artocarpus heterophyllus)
  noun (masculine)
• āmraka – Mango tree (diminutive of āmra)
  noun (masculine)

नीवारैः (nīvāraiḥ) - with wild rice plants

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of nīvāra

nīvāra - wild rice (Oryza sativa var. fatua)

तिमिशैः (timiśaiḥ) - with Timisha trees; with aquatic plants

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of timiśa

timiśa - Timisha tree (Pongamia glabra); a kind of water plant

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed; certainly; only

(indeclinable)

पुन्नागैः (punnāgaiḥ) - with Punnaga trees

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of punnāga

punnāga - Punnaga tree (Calophyllum inophyllum)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

उपशोभिताः (upaśobhitāḥ) - adorned; beautified; decorated

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of upaśobhita

upaśobhita - adorned, beautified, decorated

Past Passive Participle

from verb upa-śubh

Prefix: upa

Root: śubh (class 1)

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