वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-81, verse-18

ततस्तु जलशेषेण लक्ष्मणो ऽप्यकरोत्तदा ।
वाग् यतास्ते त्रयः संध्यामुपासत समाहिताः ॥१८॥

18. tatastu jalaśeṣeṇa lakṣmaṇo'pyakarottadā ,
vāg yatāste trayaḥ saṃdhyāmupāsata samāhitāḥ.

18. tataḥ tu jalaśeṣeṇa lakṣmaṇaḥ api akarot tadā
vāk yatāḥ te trayaḥ sandhyām upāsata samāhitāḥ

18. tataḥ tu lakṣmaṇaḥ api jalaśeṣeṇa tadā akarot
te trayaḥ vāk yatāḥ samāhitāḥ sandhyām upāsata

18. But then Lakshmana also performed the rites with the remaining water. Those three, self-controlled in speech and deeply concentrated, observed the twilight worship (saṃdhyā).

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

• तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, indeed

• जलशेषेण (jalaśeṣeṇa) - with the remaining water

• लक्ष्मणः (lakṣmaṇaḥ) - Lakshmana

• अपि (api) - also, even

• अकरोत् (akarot) - he performed (the rites/austerities) (he did, he performed)

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• वाक् (vāk) - speech, word

• यताः (yatāḥ) - controlled, restrained

• ते (te) - those (three) (those, they)

• त्रयः (trayaḥ) - three

• सन्ध्याम् (sandhyām) - twilight worship (saṃdhyā) (twilight devotion, junction of day and night)

• उपासत (upāsata) - they worshipped, they served, they performed

• समाहिताः (samāhitāḥ) - deeply concentrated (concentrated, absorbed, composed)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

(indeclinable)

from tad + tas (ablative affix)

Note: Adverb of sequence.

तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, indeed

(indeclinable)

Note: Indicates contrast or transition.

जलशेषेण (jalaśeṣeṇa) - with the remaining water

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of jalaśeṣa

jalaśeṣa - remaining water, remnant of water

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jala+śeṣa)

• jala – water
  noun (neuter)
• śeṣa – remainder, remnant, balance
  noun (masculine)

Note: Means by means of the remaining water.

लक्ष्मणः (lakṣmaṇaḥ) - Lakshmana

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of lakṣmaṇa

lakṣmaṇa - Lakshmana (proper name)

Note: Subject of 'akarot'.

अपि (api) - also, even

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes that Lakshmana also did it.

अकरोत् (akarot) - he performed (the rites/austerities) (he did, he performed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of kṛ

Imperfect

3rd person singular Imperfect, parasmaipada

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Implies performing a similar action to Rama.

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

from tad + dā (temporal affix)

Note: Adverb of time.

वाक् (vāk) - speech, word

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vāc

vāc - speech, word, voice

Note: First part of the Bahuvrihi compound 'vāg-yatāḥ'.

यताः (yatāḥ) - controlled, restrained

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yata

yata - controlled, restrained, self-governed

Past Passive Participle

from yam + kta affix

Root: yam (class 1)

Note: Second part of the Bahuvrihi compound 'vāg-yatāḥ', meaning 'those whose speech is controlled'.

ते (te) - those (three) (those, they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Rama, Sita, and Lakshmana.

त्रयः (trayaḥ) - three

(numeral)

Note: Specifies the number of persons.

सन्ध्याम् (sandhyām) - twilight worship (saṃdhyā) (twilight devotion, junction of day and night)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sandhyā

sandhyā - twilight, junction, period of transition (morning, noon, evening); twilight devotion

Prefix: sam

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Object of 'upāsata'.

उपासत (upāsata) - they worshipped, they served, they performed

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of upās

Imperfect

3rd person plural Imperfect, ātmanepada

Prefix: upa

Root: ās (class 2)

Note: Main verb of the second clause.

समाहिताः (samāhitāḥ) - deeply concentrated (concentrated, absorbed, composed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of samāhita

samāhita - concentrated, absorbed, composed, calm, collected

Past Passive Participle

from sam-ā-dhā + kta affix

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Qualifies 'te trayaḥ'.