वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-19, verse-22

न लक्ष्मणास्मिन्मम राज्यविघ्ने माता यवीयस्यतिशङ्कनीया ।
दैवाभिपन्ना हि वदन्त्यनिष्टं जानासि दैवं च तथाप्रभावम् ॥२२॥

22. na lakṣmaṇāsminmama rājyavighne mātā yavīyasyatiśaṅkanīyā ,
daivābhipannā hi vadantyaniṣṭaṃ jānāsi daivaṃ ca tathāprabhāvam.

22. na lakṣmaṇa asmin mama rājya-vighne
mātā yavīyasī ati-śaṅkanīyā
daiva-abhipannā hi vadanti aniṣṭam
jānāsi daivam ca tathā-prabhāvam

22. lakṣmaṇa,
asmin mama rājya-vighne yavīyasī mātā na ati-śaṅkanīyā.
hi daiva-abhipannāḥ aniṣṭam vadanti.
ca tvam daivam tathā-prabhāvam jānāsi.

22. O Lakshmana, my younger mother should not be greatly suspected in this impediment to my reign. Indeed, people speak ill when afflicted by destiny (daiva), and you know that destiny (daiva) has such a powerful influence.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, no

• लक्ष्मण (lakṣmaṇa) - O Lakshmana

• अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this

• मम (mama) - my, of me

• राज्य-विघ्ने (rājya-vighne) - in the impediment to the kingdom, in the obstacle to my reign

• माता (mātā) - my step-mother Kaikeyī (mother)

• यवीयसी (yavīyasī) - my younger (step-)mother (younger, youngest)

• अति-शङ्कनीया (ati-śaṅkanīyā) - to be greatly suspected, highly doubtful

• दैव-अभिपन्ना (daiva-abhipannā) - affected by destiny, overcome by fate

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, for)

• वदन्ति (vadanti) - they say, they speak

• अनिष्टम् (aniṣṭam) - evil or unpleasant things (evil, misfortune, unpleasant, undesirable)

• जानासि (jānāsi) - you know

• दैवम् (daivam) - destiny, fate

• च (ca) - and, also

• तथा-प्रभावम् (tathā-prabhāvam) - of such power, having such influence

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

लक्ष्मण (lakṣmaṇa) - O Lakshmana

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of lakṣmaṇa

lakṣmaṇa - Lakshmana (Rama's brother)

अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Agrees with 'rājya-vighne'.

मम (mama) - my, of me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of aham

aham - I

Note: Refers to Rama.

राज्य-विघ्ने (rājya-vighne) - in the impediment to the kingdom, in the obstacle to my reign

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of rājya-vighna

rājya-vighna - impediment to kingship, obstacle to reign

Tatpuruṣa compound.

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (rājya+vighna)

• rājya – kingdom, sovereignty, reign
  noun (neuter)
  Root: rāj (class 1)
• vighna – obstacle, hindrance, impediment
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: vi
  Root: vi-han (class 2)

माता (mātā) - my step-mother Kaikeyī (mother)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of mātṛ

mātṛ - mother

Note: Subject of the sentence, referring to Kaikeyī.

यवीयसी (yavīyasī) - my younger (step-)mother (younger, youngest)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of yavīyas

yavīyas - younger, youngest (comparative/superlative of yuvan)

Comparative/superlative formation of 'yuvan' (young).

Note: Agrees with 'mātā', specifying her as the youngest wife of Dasharatha.

अति-शङ्कनीया (ati-śaṅkanīyā) - to be greatly suspected, highly doubtful

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of ati-śaṅkanīya

ati-śaṅkanīya - to be greatly suspected, highly doubtful, very suspicious

Gerundive

Compound of 'ati' (very) and 'śaṅkanīya' (to be suspected).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (ati+śaṅkanīya)

• ati – very, exceedingly, over-
  indeclinable
• śaṅkanīya – to be suspected, doubtful, suspicious
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
  Gerundive
  Derived from root 'śaṅk' (to doubt, suspect) with the suffix '-anīya'.
  Root: śaṅk (class 1)

Note: Predicate adjective, negated by 'na'.

दैव-अभिपन्ना (daiva-abhipannā) - affected by destiny, overcome by fate

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of daiva-abhipanna

daiva-abhipanna - overcome by fate, afflicted by destiny

Tatpuruṣa compound: 'overcome by daiva'.

Compound type : tṛtīyā-tatpuruṣa (daiva+abhipanna)

• daiva – divine, relating to gods, destiny, fate, divine power
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from deva (god) + aṇ (taddhita suffix).
• abhipanna – overcome, afflicted, approached, obtained
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'pad' (to go, move) with prefix 'abhi-'.
  Prefix: abhi
  Root: pad (class 4)

Note: Implied subject 'people' or 'those' who are afflicted.

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, for)

(indeclinable)

वदन्ति (vadanti) - they say, they speak

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of vad

Root: vad (class 1)

Note: The subject is implied to be 'daiva-abhipannāḥ' (those afflicted by destiny).

अनिष्टम् (aniṣṭam) - evil or unpleasant things (evil, misfortune, unpleasant, undesirable)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of aniṣṭa

aniṣṭa - undesired, unpleasant, evil, misfortune

Past Passive Participle (negated)

Negative compound of 'a' (not) and 'iṣṭa' (desired, good).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+iṣṭa)

• a – not, un-, non-
  prefix
• iṣṭa – desired, wished, liked, sacrificed (noun: sacrifice, wish)
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'iṣ' (to wish, desire, seek).
  Root: iṣ (class 6)

Note: Object of 'vadanti'.

जानासि (jānāsi) - you know

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of jñā

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: The subject is 'tvam' (you, Lakshmana) implied.

दैवम् (daivam) - destiny, fate

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of daiva

daiva - divine, relating to gods, destiny, fate, divine power

Derived from deva (god) + aṇ (taddhita suffix).

Note: Object of 'jānāsi'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

तथा-प्रभावम् (tathā-prabhāvam) - of such power, having such influence

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tathā-prabhāva

tathā-prabhāva - having such power or influence

Bahuvrīhi compound: 'whose influence is such'.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (tathā+prabhāva)

• tathā – thus, so, in that manner
  indeclinable
• prabhāva – power, might, influence, splendor
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'daivam', indicating its nature.