वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-19, verse-15

जानासि हि यथा सौम्य न मातृषु ममान्तरम् ।
भूतपूर्वं विशेषो वा तस्या मयि सुते ऽपि वा ॥१५॥

15. jānāsi hi yathā saumya na mātṛṣu mamāntaram ,
bhūtapūrvaṃ viśeṣo vā tasyā mayi sute'pi vā.

15. jānāsi hi yathā saumya na mātṛṣu mama antaram
bhūtapūrvaṃ viśeṣaḥ vā tasyāḥ mayi sute api vā

15. saumya,
hi jānāsi yathā mātṛṣu mama antaram na bhūtapūrvaṃ (asti),
vā tasyāḥ mayi sute api vā viśeṣaḥ na (bhūtapūrvaṃ asti).

15. O gentle one (Lakṣmaṇa), you certainly know how there was no distinction (antaram) in my feelings towards my mothers in the past, nor any special favor (viśeṣa) shown by her (Kaikeyī) towards me or even towards her own son.

Words meanings summery:

• जानासि (jānāsi) - you know (you know, you understand)

• हि (hi) - indeed, certainly (indeed, for, because, surely)

• यथा (yathā) - how (as, just as, how, that)

• सौम्य (saumya) - O gentle one (Lakṣmaṇa) (O gentle one, O mild one)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• मातृषु (mātṛṣu) - among the mothers (referring to his step-mothers as well) (among the mothers)

• मम (mama) - my (my, mine (genitive of I))

• अन्तरम् (antaram) - partiality, distinction (in feelings) (difference, distinction, partiality, interval, interior)

• भूतपूर्वं (bhūtapūrvaṁ) - in the past, formerly existing (formerly existing, having been before, in the past)

• विशेषः (viśeṣaḥ) - special favor, special treatment (distinction, difference, special quality, particularity, special favor)

• वा (vā) - or (or, either...or)

• तस्याः (tasyāḥ) - by her (Kaikeyī's) (of her, from her)

• मयि (mayi) - towards me (in me, on me)

• सुते (sute) - towards (her own) son (Bharata) (in a son, regarding a son)

• अपि (api) - even (also, even, too)

• वा (vā) - or (or, either...or)

Words meanings and morphology

जानासि (jānāsi) - you know (you know, you understand)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of jñā

Present tense, Active voice

2nd person singular

Root: jñā (class 9)

हि (hi) - indeed, certainly (indeed, for, because, surely)

(indeclinable)

Particle

यथा (yathā) - how (as, just as, how, that)

(indeclinable)

Adverb

सौम्य (saumya) - O gentle one (Lakṣmaṇa) (O gentle one, O mild one)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of saumya

saumya - gentle, mild, benevolent, moon-like, O gentle one (vocative)

From soma (moon) + ya (suffix)

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

मातृषु (mātṛṣu) - among the mothers (referring to his step-mothers as well) (among the mothers)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, plural of mātṛ

mātṛ - mother

मम (mama) - my (my, mine (genitive of I))

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Genitive singular form of asmad

अन्तरम् (antaram) - partiality, distinction (in feelings) (difference, distinction, partiality, interval, interior)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of antara

antara - interior, interval, difference, distinction, partiality, intermediate

भूतपूर्वं (bhūtapūrvaṁ) - in the past, formerly existing (formerly existing, having been before, in the past)

(indeclinable)

From bhūta (been, existed) + pūrva (former)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (bhūta+pūrva)

• bhūta – been, become, past, existing, creature
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root √bhū (to be, exist) + kta (past passive participle suffix)
  Root: bhū (class 1)
• pūrva – former, prior, earlier, previous
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Adverbial usage

विशेषः (viśeṣaḥ) - special favor, special treatment (distinction, difference, special quality, particularity, special favor)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of viśeṣa

viśeṣa - distinction, difference, special quality, particularity, special favor, superiority

From vi- + √śiṣ (to leave, distinguish) + a (suffix)

Prefix: vi

Root: śiṣ (class 7)

वा (vā) - or (or, either...or)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction

तस्याः (tasyāḥ) - by her (Kaikeyī's) (of her, from her)

(pronoun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she

Feminine genitive singular form of tad

Note: Referring to Kaikeyī

मयि (mayi) - towards me (in me, on me)

(pronoun)

Locative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Locative singular form of asmad

सुते (sute) - towards (her own) son (Bharata) (in a son, regarding a son)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of suta

suta - son, child, born

Past Passive Participle (from √sū 'to bear, produce')

From root √sū (to give birth, produce) + kta (past passive participle suffix), often nominalized as a son

Root: sū (class 2)

Note: Refers to Bharata, Kaikeyī's son

अपि (api) - even (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)

Particle

वा (vā) - or (or, either...or)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction