वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-12, verse-2

पापं कृत्वेव किमिदं मम संश्रुत्य संश्रवम् ।
शेषे क्षितितले सन्नः स्थित्यां स्थातुं त्वमर्हसि ॥२॥

2. pāpaṃ kṛtveva kimidaṃ mama saṃśrutya saṃśravam ,
śeṣe kṣititale sannaḥ sthityāṃ sthātuṃ tvamarhasi.

2. pāpaṃ kṛtvā iva kim idam mama saṃśrutya saṃśravam
śeṣe kṣititale sannaḥ sthityām sthātuṃ tvam arhasi

2. mama saṃśravam saṃśrutya idam kim pāpaṃ kṛtvā iva
sannaḥ kṣititale śeṣe? tvam sthityām sthātuṃ arhasi

2. "Why do you lie exhausted on the ground like this, as if you have committed a sin, after you had agreed to my promise? You ought to remain steadfast in your commitment (dharma)."

Words meanings summery:

• पापं (pāpaṁ) - a sin (sin, evil)

• कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having committed (a sin) (having done, having made)

• इव (iva) - as if (as if, like, as)

• किम् (kim) - why? (what? why?)

• इदम् (idam) - this (state) (this)

• मम (mama) - my (promise) (my, of me)

• संश्रुत्य (saṁśrutya) - having agreed (to my promise) (having promised, having assented)

• संश्रवम् (saṁśravam) - my promise (the boon) (promise, agreement, assent)

• शेषे (śeṣe) - you are lying down (you lie down)

• क्षितितले (kṣititale) - on the ground (on the surface of the earth, on the ground)

• सन्नः (sannaḥ) - exhausted (exhausted, depressed, sunken)

• स्थित्याम् (sthityām) - in your commitment (dharma), in your (moral) standing (in position, in state, in commitment)

• स्थातुं (sthātuṁ) - to remain firm, to uphold (your commitment) (to stand, to remain, to be firm)

• त्वम् (tvam) - you (King Dasharatha) (you)

• अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought (to remain firm) (you ought, you are able, you deserve)

Words meanings and morphology

पापं (pāpaṁ) - a sin (sin, evil)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pāpa

pāpa - sin, evil, wicked act

Note: Object of kṛtvā.

कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having committed (a sin) (having done, having made)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed with suffix -tvā

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Precedes iva.

इव (iva) - as if (as if, like, as)

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle of comparison.

किम् (kim) - why? (what? why?)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what?, why?, whether, indeed

Note: Interrogative.

इदम् (idam) - this (state) (this)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, these

Note: Refers to the king's current state.

मम (mama) - my (promise) (my, of me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of mad

mad - I, me

1st person pronoun

Note: Possessive.

संश्रुत्य (saṁśrutya) - having agreed (to my promise) (having promised, having assented)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed with prefix SAM- and root ŚRU (to hear/promise)

Prefix: sam

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Expresses prior action.

संश्रवम् (saṁśravam) - my promise (the boon) (promise, agreement, assent)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of saṃśrava

saṁśrava - promise, agreement, assent, declaration

Derived from root ŚRU with prefix SAM-

Prefix: sam

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Object of saṃśrutya.

शेषे (śeṣe) - you are lying down (you lie down)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of śī

Present tense, middle voice, 2nd person singular

Root: śī (class 2)

Note: Main verb for the first part of the sentence.

क्षितितले (kṣititale) - on the ground (on the surface of the earth, on the ground)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of kṣititala

kṣititala - surface of the earth, ground

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (kṣiti+tala)

• kṣiti – earth, ground
  noun (feminine)
  Root: kṣi (class 6)
• tala – surface, plane, ground
  noun (neuter)

Note: Location for śeṣe.

सन्नः (sannaḥ) - exhausted (exhausted, depressed, sunken)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sanna

sanna - exhausted, depressed, sinking, withered

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root SAD (to sink, to become weary) with prefix SA-

Prefix: sa

Root: sad (class 1)

Note: Modifies tvam (implied subject of śeṣe).

स्थित्याम् (sthityām) - in your commitment (dharma), in your (moral) standing (in position, in state, in commitment)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of sthiti

sthiti - standing, state, position, firmness, moral conduct, commitment

Action noun

Derived from root STHĀ (to stand)

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Location for sthātuṃ.

स्थातुं (sthātuṁ) - to remain firm, to uphold (your commitment) (to stand, to remain, to be firm)

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

Infinitive form of root STHĀ

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Complements arhasi.

त्वम् (tvam) - you (King Dasharatha) (you)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

2nd person pronoun

Note: Subject of arhasi.

अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought (to remain firm) (you ought, you are able, you deserve)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of arh

Present tense, 2nd person singular

Root: arh (class 1)

Note: Main verb for the second part of the sentence.