वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-8, verse-10

तस्यैवं वर्तमानस्य कालः समभिवर्तत ।
अग्निं शुश्रूषमाणस्य पितरं च यशस्विनम् ॥१०॥

10. tasyaivaṃ vartamānasya kālaḥ samabhivartata ,
agniṃ śuśrūṣamāṇasya pitaraṃ ca yaśasvinam.

10. tasya evam vartamānasya kālaḥ samabhivartata
agnim śuśrūṣamāṇasya pitaram ca yaśasvinam

10. evam agnim ca yaśasvinam pitaram śuśrūṣamāṇasya
vartamānasya tasya kālaḥ samabhivartata

10. While he was living in this way, devoutly serving the sacred fire and his illustrious father, the appointed time arrived for him.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्य (tasya) - for that person, referring to a specific individual (to him, his, of him)

• एवम् (evam) - indicating the previously described way of life (thus, in this manner, so)

• वर्तमानस्य (vartamānasya) - while he was living or existing in that state (being, existing, living, present)

• कालः (kālaḥ) - the destined or appropriate time (time, opportune moment)

• समभिवर्तत (samabhivartata) - the time came upon him (arrived, occurred, approached)

• अग्निम् (agnim) - the sacred ritual fire (fire)

• शुश्रूषमाणस्य (śuśrūṣamāṇasya) - reverently serving or attending to (serving, desiring to hear/obey)

• पितरम् (pitaram) - his biological father (father)

• च (ca) - connecting 'fire' and 'father' as objects of service (and)

• यशस्विनम् (yaśasvinam) - his celebrated and respected father (glorious, famous, renowned)

Words meanings and morphology

तस्य (tasya) - for that person, referring to a specific individual (to him, his, of him)

(pronoun)

masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Functions as a possessive or dative of reference.

एवम् (evam) - indicating the previously described way of life (thus, in this manner, so)

(indeclinable)

Adverb.

वर्तमानस्य (vartamānasya) - while he was living or existing in that state (being, existing, living, present)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of vartamāna

vartamāna - being, existing, present, current

Present Active Participle

From root vṛt (to be, to exist) + -māna (present participle suffix).

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Functions as an attribute of the pronoun 'him'.

कालः (kālaḥ) - the destined or appropriate time (time, opportune moment)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, period, appropriate moment, death

Note: Subject of the sentence.

समभिवर्तत (samabhivartata) - the time came upon him (arrived, occurred, approached)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, imperfect (laṅ) of vṛt

Imperfect Middle

From sam- + abhi- + root vṛt. Imperfect tense, 3rd person singular, middle voice.

Prefixes: sam+abhi

Root: vṛt (class 1)

अग्निम् (agnim) - the sacred ritual fire (fire)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of agni

agni - fire, god of fire

शुश्रूषमाणस्य (śuśrūṣamāṇasya) - reverently serving or attending to (serving, desiring to hear/obey)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of śuśrūṣamāṇa

śuśrūṣamāṇa - serving, desirous of hearing, obeying

Present Middle Participle

From desiderative root śuśrūṣ (from śru, to hear) + -māṇa (middle participle suffix).

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Modifies the implied subject of 'him'.

पितरम् (pitaram) - his biological father (father)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father

Kinship term.

च (ca) - connecting 'fire' and 'father' as objects of service (and)

(indeclinable)

यशस्विनम् (yaśasvinam) - his celebrated and respected father (glorious, famous, renowned)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yaśasvin

yaśasvin - glorious, famous, illustrious, possessing fame

From yaśas (fame) + -vin (possessive suffix).