वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-8, verse-1

तस्य त्वेवं प्रभावस्य धर्मज्ञस्य महात्मनः ।
सुतार्थं तप्यमानस्य नासीद्वंशकरः सुतः ॥१॥

1. tasya tvevaṃ prabhāvasya dharmajñasya mahātmanaḥ ,
sutārthaṃ tapyamānasya nāsīdvaṃśakaraḥ sutaḥ.

1. tasya tu evam prabhāvasya dharmajñasya mahātmanaḥ
sutārtham tapyamānasya na āsīt vaṃśakaraḥ sutaḥ

1. tasya tu evam prabhāvasya dharmajñasya mahātmanaḥ
sutārtham tapyamānasya vaṃśakaraḥ sutaḥ na āsīt

1. Yet, for that great-souled one (ātman), who was so mighty, knew righteousness (dharma), and was performing austerities (tapas) for a son, there was no son to continue his lineage.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्य (tasya) - of King Daśaratha (of him, his)

• तु (tu) - but, yet, indeed

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

• प्रभावस्य (prabhāvasya) - of power, of greatness, of might

• धर्मज्ञस्य (dharmajñasya) - of him who knows righteousness, of a knower of dharma

• महात्मनः (mahātmanaḥ) - of King Daśaratha (of the great-souled one, of the noble-minded)

• सुतार्थम् (sutārtham) - for the sake of a son, for the purpose of a son

• तप्यमानस्य (tapyamānasya) - of King Daśaratha performing austerities (of him performing austerities, of him striving)

• न (na) - not, no

• आसीत् (āsīt) - there was not (was, existed)

• वंशकरः (vaṁśakaraḥ) - one who makes/continues the lineage, successor

• सुतः (sutaḥ) - son

Words meanings and morphology

तस्य (tasya) - of King Daśaratha (of him, his)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तु (tu) - but, yet, indeed

(indeclinable)

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

(indeclinable)

प्रभावस्य (prabhāvasya) - of power, of greatness, of might

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of prabhāva

prabhāva - power, might, influence, greatness

Prefix: pra

Root: bhū (class 1)

धर्मज्ञस्य (dharmajñasya) - of him who knows righteousness, of a knower of dharma

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of dharmajña

dharmajña - knower of dharma, righteous, virtuous

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+jña)

• dharma – natural law, righteousness, duty, virtue
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• jña – knowing, knower
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: jñā (class 9)

महात्मनः (mahātmanaḥ) - of King Daśaratha (of the great-souled one, of the noble-minded)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble-minded, exalted

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (masculine)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, individual essence
  noun (masculine)
  Root: an (class 2)

सुतार्थम् (sutārtham) - for the sake of a son, for the purpose of a son

(indeclinable)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (suta+artha)

• suta – son, born
  noun (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'sū' (to give birth), past passive participle
  Root: sū (class 2)
• artha – purpose, aim, meaning, wealth, sake
  noun (masculine)

Note: Used here as an adverbial accusative, thus indeclinable in function.

तप्यमानस्य (tapyamānasya) - of King Daśaratha performing austerities (of him performing austerities, of him striving)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tapyāmāna

tapyāmāna - performing austerities, striving, suffering

Present Middle Participle (passive sense)

Derived from root 'tap' (to heat, to perform austerities), present middle participle in passive construction.

Root: tap (class 1)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

आसीत् (āsīt) - there was not (was, existed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of as

Imperfect

Third person singular active imperfect of 'as'

Root: as (class 2)

वंशकरः (vaṁśakaraḥ) - one who makes/continues the lineage, successor

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaṃśakara

vaṁśakara - maker of a race/family, successor, one who continues the lineage

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vaṃśa+kara)

• vaṃśa – lineage, race, family, bamboo
  noun (masculine)
• kara – maker, doer, hand, ray
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root 'kṛ' (to do, make)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

सुतः (sutaḥ) - son

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of suta

suta - son, child

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'sū' (to give birth), past passive participle used as a noun.

Root: sū (class 2)