वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-75, verse-19

न चेयं मम काकुत्स्थ व्रीडा भवितुमर्हति ।
त्वया त्रैलोक्यनाथेन यदहं विमुखीकृतः ॥१९॥

19. na ceyaṃ mama kākutstha vrīḍā bhavitumarhati ,
tvayā trailokyanāthena yadahaṃ vimukhīkṛtaḥ.

19. na ca iyam mama kākutstha vrīḍā bhavitum arhati
yat aham vimukhīkṛtaḥ tvayā trailokyanāthena

19. kākutstha,
iyam vrīḍā mama bhavitum na ca arhati yat aham tvayā trailokyanāthena vimukhīkṛtaḥ

19. O scion of Kakutstha, this shame should not be mine, for I have been disregarded by you, the lord of the three worlds.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, no, nor

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• इयम् (iyam) - this

• मम (mama) - my, for me

• काकुत्स्थ (kākutstha) - O scion of Kakutstha (an epithet of Rama)

• व्रीडा (vrīḍā) - shame, embarrassment, bashfulness

• भवितुम् (bhavitum) - to be, to become

• अर्हति (arhati) - it is proper, it is fitting, it deserves

• यत् (yat) - because, that

• अहम् (aham) - I

• विमुखीकृतः (vimukhīkṛtaḥ) - made averse, turned away, disregarded, neglected

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you

• त्रैलोक्यनाथेन (trailokyanāthena) - by the lord of the three worlds

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no, nor

(indeclinable)

Negative particle.

Note: Negates 'arhati'.

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

Note: Connects implicitly to previous statement or introduces an emphatic point.

इयम् (iyam) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of idam

idam - this, these (demonstrative pronoun)

Feminine nominative singular form of 'idam'.

Note: Refers to 'vrīḍā'.

मम (mama) - my, for me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we (1st person pronoun)

Genitive or dative singular form of 'asmad'. Here, expressing interest 'for me'.

Note: Expresses possession or dative of interest.

काकुत्स्थ (kākutstha) - O scion of Kakutstha (an epithet of Rama)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of kākutstha

kākutstha - descendant of Kakutstha, an epithet of Rama

From 'Kakutstha' + 'aṇ' suffix, indicating lineage.

Note: Addressed to Rama.

व्रीडा (vrīḍā) - shame, embarrassment, bashfulness

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vrīḍā

vrīḍā - shame, modesty, bashfulness, embarrassment

From root 'vrīḍ' (to be ashamed).

Root: vrīḍ (class 1)

भवितुम् (bhavitum) - to be, to become

(verb)

active, infinitive of bhū

Infinitive

From root 'bhū' (to be) + suffix 'tumun'.

Root: bhū (class 1)

अर्हति (arhati) - it is proper, it is fitting, it deserves

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of arh

Present active indicative

From root 'arh' (to deserve, be able).

Root: arh (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the first clause.

यत् (yat) - because, that

(indeclinable)

Conjunction used to introduce a causal clause.

Note: Introduces the reason.

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we (1st person pronoun)

Nominative singular form of 'asmad'.

Note: Subject of 'vimukhīkṛtaḥ'.

विमुखीकृतः (vimukhīkṛtaḥ) - made averse, turned away, disregarded, neglected

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vimukhīkṛta

vimukhīkṛta - disregarded, neglected, made averse, turned away

Past Passive Participle

PPP of the denominative verb 'vimukhī-kṛ', meaning 'to make averse' or 'to disregard'. This verb is formed from the adjective 'vimukha' (face averted) and the root 'kṛ' (to make).

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Predicate adjective for 'aham'.

त्वया (tvayā) - by you

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (2nd person pronoun)

Instrumental singular form of 'yuṣmad'.

Note: Agent of the passive 'vimukhīkṛtaḥ'.

त्रैलोक्यनाथेन (trailokyanāthena) - by the lord of the three worlds

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of trailokyanātha

trailokyanātha - lord of the three worlds (heaven, earth, netherworld); epithet of Vishnu/Brahma/Shiva/Krishna

Compound of 'trailokya' (the three worlds) and 'nātha' (lord).

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (trailokya+nātha)

• trailokya – the three worlds (heaven, earth, lower regions)
  noun (neuter)
  From 'tri' (three) + 'loka' (world) + 'ya' suffix.
• nātha – lord, master, protector
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'nāth' (to ask, seek help).
  Root: nāth (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'tvayā'.

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