वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-57, verse-19

यज्ञैर्बहुविधैरिष्टं प्रजा धर्मेण पालिताः ।
गुरवश्च महात्मानः शीलवृत्तेन तोषिताः ॥१९॥

19. yajñairbahuvidhairiṣṭaṃ prajā dharmeṇa pālitāḥ ,
guravaśca mahātmānaḥ śīlavṛttena toṣitāḥ.

19. yajñaiḥ bahuvidhaiḥ iṣṭam prajāḥ dharmeṇa
pālitāḥ guravaḥ ca mahātmānaḥ śīlavṛttena toṣitāḥ

19. bahuvidhaiḥ yajñaiḥ iṣṭam prajāḥ dharmeṇa
pālitāḥ ca mahātmānaḥ guravaḥ śīlavṛttena toṣitāḥ

19. Many kinds of sacrificial rituals (yajñas) have been performed, and subjects have been governed in accordance with the constitution (dharma). Furthermore, great-souled teachers (gurus) have been pleased through excellent conduct.

Words meanings summery:

• यज्ञैः (yajñaiḥ) - by sacrifices, by rituals

• बहुविधैः (bahuvidhaiḥ) - by many kinds, of various types

• इष्टम् (iṣṭam) - performed, worshipped, sacrificed

• प्रजाः (prajāḥ) - subjects, people, progeny

• धर्मेण (dharmeṇa) - by dharma, by natural law, by righteousness, by duty

• पालिताः (pālitāḥ) - protected, guarded, governed, maintained

• गुरवः (guravaḥ) - teachers, preceptors, elders

• च (ca) - and, also

• महात्मानः (mahātmānaḥ) - great-souled, high-minded, noble

• शीलवृत्तेन (śīlavṛttena) - by good conduct, by virtuous behavior

• तोषिताः (toṣitāḥ) - pleased, satisfied, gratified

Words meanings and morphology

यज्ञैः (yajñaiḥ) - by sacrifices, by rituals

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of yajña

yajña - sacrifice, worship, ritual, offering

Derived from root yaj (to sacrifice, worship).

Root: yaj (class 1)

बहुविधैः (bahuvidhaiḥ) - by many kinds, of various types

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bahuvidha

bahuvidha - manifold, of many kinds, various

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bahu+vidha)

• bahu – many, much, abundant
  adjective (masculine)
• vidha – kind, sort, manner
  noun (masculine)

इष्टम् (iṣṭam) - performed, worshipped, sacrificed

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of iṣṭa

iṣṭa - sacrificed, worshipped, performed (sacrifice), desired, beloved

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root yaj (to sacrifice, worship).

Root: yaj (class 1)

प्रजाः (prajāḥ) - subjects, people, progeny

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of prajā

prajā - progeny, offspring, people, subjects, creation

Derived from root jan (to be born) with prefix pra.

Prefix: pra

Root: jan (class 4)

धर्मेण (dharmeṇa) - by dharma, by natural law, by righteousness, by duty

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty, virtue, cosmic order, spiritual path

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

पालिताः (pālitāḥ) - protected, guarded, governed, maintained

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of pālita

pālita - protected, guarded, preserved, governed, cherished

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root pāl (to protect, guard).

Root: pāl (class 10)

गुरवः (guravaḥ) - teachers, preceptors, elders

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of guru

guru - teacher, preceptor, respected person, heavy, important

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

महात्मानः (mahātmānaḥ) - great-souled, high-minded, noble

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble, high-minded, a great being

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• ātman – Self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)

शीलवृत्तेन (śīlavṛttena) - by good conduct, by virtuous behavior

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of śīlavṛtta

śīlavṛtta - good conduct, virtuous behavior, excellent character

Compound type : tatpurusha (śīla+vṛtta)

• śīla – character, conduct, habit, good disposition
  noun (neuter)
• vṛtta – conduct, behavior, course, event, existing
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle (used as noun)
  Derived from root vṛt (to be, exist, turn).
  Root: vṛt (class 1)

तोषिताः (toṣitāḥ) - pleased, satisfied, gratified

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of toṣita

toṣita - pleased, satisfied, gladdened, gratified

Past Passive Participle (causative)

Derived from the causative stem of root tuṣ (to be pleased).

Root: tuṣ (class 4)