वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-57, verse-10

तं दृष्ट्वा मन्त्रिणः सर्वे त्यक्त्वा चण्डालरूपिणम् ।
प्राद्रवन् सहिता राम पौरा ये ऽस्यानुगामिनः ॥१०॥

10. taṃ dṛṣṭvā mantriṇaḥ sarve tyaktvā caṇḍālarūpiṇam ,
prādravan sahitā rāma paurā ye'syānugāminaḥ.

10. tam dṛṣṭvā mantriṇaḥ sarve tyaktvā caṇḍālarūpiṇam
prādravan sahitāḥ rāma paurāḥ ye asya anugāminaḥ

10. rāma sarve mantriṇaḥ ca ye asya anugāminaḥ paurāḥ
sahitāḥ tam caṇḍālarūpiṇam dṛṣṭvā tyaktvā prādravan

10. O Rāma, upon seeing him in the form of an outcaste (caṇḍāla), all the ministers, accompanied by the citizens who were his followers, abandoned him and fled.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - him

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• मन्त्रिणः (mantriṇaḥ) - ministers

• सर्वे (sarve) - all

• त्यक्त्वा (tyaktvā) - having abandoned, having left

• चण्डालरूपिणम् (caṇḍālarūpiṇam) - him who has the form of an outcaste (caṇḍāla)

• प्राद्रवन् (prādravan) - they fled, ran away

• सहिताः (sahitāḥ) - accompanied, together with

• राम (rāma) - O Rāma

• पौराः (paurāḥ) - citizens

• ये (ye) - who, those who

• अस्य (asya) - his

• अनुगामिनः (anugāminaḥ) - followers

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - him

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the king. Object of 'dṛṣṭvā'.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Derived from root dṛś (class 1) with suffix -tvā.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

मन्त्रिणः (mantriṇaḥ) - ministers

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mantrin

mantrin - minister, counselor

Note: Subject of 'prādravan'.

सर्वे (sarve) - all

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Agrees with 'mantriṇaḥ'.

त्यक्त्वा (tyaktvā) - having abandoned, having left

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Derived from root tyaj (class 1) with suffix -tvā.

Root: tyaj (class 1)

Note: Acts on 'caṇḍālarūpiṇam'.

चण्डालरूपिणम् (caṇḍālarūpiṇam) - him who has the form of an outcaste (caṇḍāla)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of caṇḍālarūpin

caṇḍālarūpin - having the form of a caṇḍāla

Compound noun, 'rūpin' derived from 'rūpa'.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (caṇḍāla+rūpin)

• caṇḍāla – outcaste, person of lowest class
  noun (masculine)
• rūpin – having the form of, characterized by
  adjective
  Derived from rūpa (form) with suffix -in.

Note: Object of 'tyaktvā'.

प्राद्रवन् (prādravan) - they fled, ran away

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect (laṅ) of drū

Imperfect

3rd person plural Imperfect active with upasarga pra.

Prefix: pra

Root: drū (class 1)

Note: The subjects are 'mantriṇaḥ' and 'paurāḥ'.

सहिताः (sahitāḥ) - accompanied, together with

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sahita

sahita - accompanied, joined with, together with

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root dhā (to place) with upasarga sa (with) and suffix -ita, or from root sah (to bear) with suffix -ita. More likely from sa-dhā.

Note: Agrees with 'paurāḥ'.

राम (rāma) - O Rāma

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rāma (name of a Hindu deity, hero of the Rāmāyaṇa)

पौराः (paurāḥ) - citizens

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of paura

paura - citizen, townsman

Note: Co-subject of 'prādravan'.

ये (ye) - who, those who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Relative pronoun, refers to 'paurāḥ'.

अस्य (asya) - his

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

Note: Genitive singular of 'idam', refers to the king.

अनुगामिनः (anugāminaḥ) - followers

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of anugāmin

anugāmin - following, a follower, attendant

Derived from root gam with upasarga anu and suffix -in.

Prefix: anu

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'ye' and refers to 'paurāḥ'.