वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-57, verse-12

विश्वामित्रस्तु तं दृष्ट्वा राजानं विफलीकृतम् ।
चण्डालरूपिणं राम मुनिः कारुण्यमागतः ॥१२॥

12. viśvāmitrastu taṃ dṛṣṭvā rājānaṃ viphalīkṛtam ,
caṇḍālarūpiṇaṃ rāma muniḥ kāruṇyamāgataḥ.

12. viśvāmitraḥ tu tam dṛṣṭvā rājānam viphalīkṛtam
caṇḍālarūpiṇam rāma muniḥ kāruṇyam āgataḥ

12. rāma viśvāmitraḥ muniḥ tam viphalīkṛtam
caṇḍālarūpiṇam rājānam dṛṣṭvā tu kāruṇyam āgataḥ

12. O Rāma, Viśvāmitra, the sage, having seen that king who was frustrated and had taken on the form of a caṇḍāla, was filled with compassion.

Words meanings summery:

• विश्वामित्रः (viśvāmitraḥ) - The sage Viśvāmitra (Viśvāmitra)

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• तम् (tam) - that king (him, that)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, seeing

• राजानम् (rājānam) - the king

• विफलीकृतम् (viphalīkṛtam) - rendered futile in his attempts or status (made futile, frustrated, rendered ineffective)

• चण्डालरूपिणम् (caṇḍālarūpiṇam) - the king who appeared as a caṇḍāla (having the form of a caṇḍāla, appearing as a caṇḍāla)

• राम (rāma) - O Rāma

• मुनिः (muniḥ) - Viśvāmitra, the sage (the sage, ascetic)

• कारुण्यम् (kāruṇyam) - compassion, pity, mercy

• आगतः (āgataḥ) - became full of compassion, attained compassion (arrived, come, attained, become)

Words meanings and morphology

विश्वामित्रः (viśvāmitraḥ) - The sage Viśvāmitra (Viśvāmitra)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of viśvāmitra

viśvāmitra - Viśvāmitra (name of an ancient sage)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

तम् (tam) - that king (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, seeing

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Absolutive (gerund) form of the root dṛś

Root: dṛś (class 1)

राजानम् (rājānam) - the king

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

विफलीकृतम् (viphalīkṛtam) - rendered futile in his attempts or status (made futile, frustrated, rendered ineffective)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of viphalīkṛta

viphalīkṛta - rendered fruitless, frustrated, made useless

Past Passive Participle

Formed from viphala (fruitless) and causative of kṛ (to do/make)

Compound type : tatpurusha (viphala+kṛta)

• viphala – fruitless, futile, unsuccessful
  adjective (masculine)
• kṛta – done, made, performed
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

चण्डालरूपिणम् (caṇḍālarūpiṇam) - the king who appeared as a caṇḍāla (having the form of a caṇḍāla, appearing as a caṇḍāla)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of caṇḍālarūpin

caṇḍālarūpin - having the form of a caṇḍāla, appearing as an outcaste

Compound type : tatpurusha (caṇḍāla+rūpin)

• caṇḍāla – an outcaste, untouchable
  noun (masculine)
• rūpin – having a form, embodying, appearing as
  adjective (masculine)

राम (rāma) - O Rāma

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rāma (a proper name, usually referring to Lord Rāma)

मुनिः (muniḥ) - Viśvāmitra, the sage (the sage, ascetic)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of muni

muni - sage, ascetic, seer, saint

कारुण्यम् (kāruṇyam) - compassion, pity, mercy

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kāruṇya

kāruṇya - compassion, pity, tenderness, mercy

आगतः (āgataḥ) - became full of compassion, attained compassion (arrived, come, attained, become)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āgata

āgata - come, arrived, attained, reached

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of root gam with prefix ā

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

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