वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-51, verse-1

स दृष्ट्वा परमप्रीतो विश्वामित्रो महाबलः ।
प्रणतो विनयाद्वीरो वसिष्ठं जपतां वरम् ॥१॥

1. sa dṛṣṭvā paramaprīto viśvāmitro mahābalaḥ ,
praṇato vinayādvīro vasiṣṭhaṃ japatāṃ varam.

1. sa dṛṣṭvā paramaprītaḥ viśvāmitraḥ mahābalaḥ
praṇataḥ vinayāt vīraḥ vasiṣṭham japatām varam

1. saḥ vīraḥ mahābalaḥ viśvāmitraḥ dṛṣṭvā paramaprītaḥ
vinayāt japatām varam vasiṣṭham praṇataḥ

1. Having seen it, that mighty (mahābala) hero Viśvāmitra, greatly pleased, bowed down with humility to Vasiṣṭha, who was the foremost among those who perform chanting (japa).

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - he, that

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

• परमप्रीतः (paramaprītaḥ) - greatly pleased, extremely delighted

• विश्वामित्रः (viśvāmitraḥ) - Viśvāmitra (a proper noun, name of a powerful sage)

• महाबलः (mahābalaḥ) - mighty, powerful, great in strength

• प्रणतः (praṇataḥ) - bowed down, prostrated, humble

• विनयात् (vinayāt) - from humility, with humility, owing to modesty

• वीरः (vīraḥ) - hero, brave man, warrior

• वसिष्ठम् (vasiṣṭham) - to Vasiṣṭha

• जपताम् (japatām) - of those who perform chanting (japa) (of those who chant, of chanters)

• वरम् (varam) - best, excellent, superior

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Viśvāmitra.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

(indeclinable)

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Absolutive (gerund) indicating a preceding action.

परमप्रीतः (paramaprītaḥ) - greatly pleased, extremely delighted

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paramaprīta

paramaprīta - greatly pleased, very joyful

Compound type : Karmadhāraya (parama+prīta)

• parama – highest, supreme, excellent, utmost
  adjective
• prīta – pleased, delighted, beloved
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Root 'prī' (to please, love) + 'kta' (past passive participle) suffix.
  Root: prī (class 9)

Note: Agreeing with 'viśvāmitraḥ'.

विश्वामित्रः (viśvāmitraḥ) - Viśvāmitra (a proper noun, name of a powerful sage)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of viśvāmitra

viśvāmitra - Viśvāmitra, a celebrated Vedic sage and king

Note: Subject of the implied main action.

महाबलः (mahābalaḥ) - mighty, powerful, great in strength

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahābala

mahābala - very strong, mighty, powerful

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (mahā+bala)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• bala – strength, power, force
  noun (neuter)
  Root: bal (class 1)

Note: Agreeing with 'viśvāmitraḥ'.

प्रणतः (praṇataḥ) - bowed down, prostrated, humble

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of praṇata

praṇata - bowed, bent, humble, saluting

Past Passive Participle

Root 'nam' (to bow) with prefix 'pra' + 'kta' (past passive participle) suffix. The 'n' of 'nam' becomes retroflex 'ṇ' after 'pra'.

Prefix: pra

Root: nam (class 1)

Note: Agreeing with 'viśvāmitraḥ'.

विनयात् (vinayāt) - from humility, with humility, owing to modesty

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of vinaya

vinaya - modesty, humility, discipline, training

Prefix: vi

Root: nī (class 1)

Note: Indicates the manner or cause of bowing.

वीरः (vīraḥ) - hero, brave man, warrior

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vīra

vīra - hero, champion, brave man

Note: Appositive to 'viśvāmitraḥ'.

वसिष्ठम् (vasiṣṭham) - to Vasiṣṭha

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vasiṣṭha

vasiṣṭha - Vasiṣṭha (name of a celebrated Vedic sage)

Note: Object of the action of bowing.

जपताम् (japatām) - of those who perform chanting (japa) (of those who chant, of chanters)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of japat

japat - chanting, muttering; a chanter

Present Active Participle

Root 'jap' (to murmur, chant) + 'śatṛ' (present active participle) suffix.

Root: jap (class 1)

वरम् (varam) - best, excellent, superior

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vara

vara - best, excellent, principal, most distinguished; a boon, a blessing

Root: vṛ (class 1)

Note: Agreeing with 'vasiṣṭham'.