वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-45, verse-20

न हन्तव्यो न हन्तव्य इत्येवं दितिरब्रवीत् ।
निष्पपात ततः शक्रो मातुर्वचनगौरवात् ॥२०॥

20. na hantavyo na hantavya ityevaṃ ditirabravīt ,
niṣpapāta tataḥ śakro māturvacanagauravāt.

20. na hantavyaḥ na hantavyaḥ iti evam ditiḥ abravīt
niṣpapāta tataḥ śakraḥ mātuḥ vacanagauravāt

20. ditiḥ evam iti na hantavyaḥ na hantavyaḥ abravīt
tataḥ śakraḥ mātuḥ vacanagauravāt niṣpapāta

20. "Do not kill! Do not kill!" — thus Diti spoke. Thereupon, Śakra (Indra) flew out, out of deference to his mother's command.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• हन्तव्यः (hantavyaḥ) - (it is) not to be killed (to be killed, killable, ought to be killed)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• हन्तव्यः (hantavyaḥ) - (it is) not to be killed (to be killed, killable, ought to be killed)

• इति (iti) - thus (concluding a quote) (thus, so, this much (quotative particle))

• एवम् (evam) - thus (referring to the manner of speaking) (thus, so, in this manner)

• दितिः (ditiḥ) - Diti (the goddess) (Diti (mother of Daityas))

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - (Diti) spoke (spoke, said, told)

• निष्पपात (niṣpapāta) - (Śakra) flew out (of the womb) (fell out, flew out, rushed out)

• ततः (tataḥ) - thereupon (then, therefore, from that)

• शक्रः (śakraḥ) - Śakra (Indra)

• मातुः (mātuḥ) - of the mother (Diti) (of the mother, from the mother)

• वचनगौरवात् (vacanagauravāt) - out of deference to the mother's command (due to the importance of the word/command, out of respect for the word)

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

हन्तव्यः (hantavyaḥ) - (it is) not to be killed (to be killed, killable, ought to be killed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hantavya

hantavya - to be killed, killable, ought to be killed

Gerundive/Future Passive Participle

Gerundive/Future Passive Participle of √han, formed with suffix -tavya

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Used impersonally in the sense 'it ought not to be killed'.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

हन्तव्यः (hantavyaḥ) - (it is) not to be killed (to be killed, killable, ought to be killed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hantavya

hantavya - to be killed, killable, ought to be killed

Gerundive/Future Passive Participle

Gerundive/Future Passive Participle of √han, formed with suffix -tavya

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Used impersonally in the sense 'it ought not to be killed'.

इति (iti) - thus (concluding a quote) (thus, so, this much (quotative particle))

(indeclinable)

एवम् (evam) - thus (referring to the manner of speaking) (thus, so, in this manner)

(indeclinable)

दितिः (ditiḥ) - Diti (the goddess) (Diti (mother of Daityas))

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of diti

diti - Diti (mother of the Daityas, a goddess)

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - (Diti) spoke (spoke, said, told)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (Laṅ) of brū

Imperfect Active

3rd person singular Imperfect active of √brū

Root: brū (class 2)

Note: Irregular root verb.

निष्पपात (niṣpapāta) - (Śakra) flew out (of the womb) (fell out, flew out, rushed out)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (Lit) of pat

Perfect Active

3rd person singular Perfect active of √pat with prefix nis-

Prefix: nis

Root: pat (class 1)

ततः (tataḥ) - thereupon (then, therefore, from that)

(indeclinable)

शक्रः (śakraḥ) - Śakra (Indra)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śakra

śakra - Śakra (an epithet of Indra), powerful

Root: śak (class 5)

मातुः (mātuḥ) - of the mother (Diti) (of the mother, from the mother)

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of mātṛ

mātṛ - mother

वचनगौरवात् (vacanagauravāt) - out of deference to the mother's command (due to the importance of the word/command, out of respect for the word)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of vacanagaurava

vacanagaurava - importance of word, respect for command, weight of speech

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vacana+gaurava)

• vacana – word, speech, saying, command
  noun (neuter)
  verbal noun
  from √vac 'to speak'
  Root: vac (class 2)
• gaurava – importance, weight, dignity, respect
  noun (neuter)
  from guru 'heavy, important' + aṇ suffix

Note: Indicates reason or cause.