वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-41, verse-7

तस्य चिन्तयतो नित्यं धर्मेण विदितात्मनः ।
पुत्रो भगीरथो नाम जज्ञे परमधार्मिकः ॥७॥

7. tasya cintayato nityaṃ dharmeṇa viditātmanaḥ ,
putro bhagīratho nāma jajñe paramadhārmikaḥ.

7. tasya cintayataḥ nityaṃ dharmeṇa viditātmanaḥ
putraḥ bhagīrathaḥ nāma jajñe paramadhārmikaḥ

7. dharmeṇa viditātmanaḥ tasya nityaṃ cintayataḥ
putraḥ bhagīrathaḥ nāma paramadhārmikaḥ jajñe

7. As he, whose true self (ātman) was understood through his adherence to natural law (dharma), constantly pondered these matters, a son named Bhagīratha was born, who was supremely righteous (dhārmika).

Words meanings summery:

• तस्य (tasya) - his, of him

• चिन्तयतः (cintayataḥ) - of him thinking, while thinking

• नित्यं (nityaṁ) - constantly, perpetually, always

• धर्मेण (dharmeṇa) - by natural law (dharma), by righteousness

• विदितात्मनः (viditātmanaḥ) - whose self (ātman) is known, whose nature is understood

• पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son

• भगीरथः (bhagīrathaḥ) - Bhagīratha

• नाम (nāma) - named, by name

• जज्ञे (jajñe) - was born, originated

• परमधार्मिकः (paramadhārmikaḥ) - supremely righteous, extremely pious

Words meanings and morphology

तस्य (tasya) - his, of him

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

चिन्तयतः (cintayataḥ) - of him thinking, while thinking

(participle)

Genitive, masculine, singular of cintayat

cintayat - thinking, pondering, reflecting

Present Active Participle

From root 'cint' (to think, consider)

Root: cint (class 10)

नित्यं (nityaṁ) - constantly, perpetually, always

(indeclinable)

Adverbial form of 'nitya' (constant, eternal)

धर्मेण (dharmeṇa) - by natural law (dharma), by righteousness

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty, virtue, religion

From root 'dhṛ' (to uphold, support)

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

विदितात्मनः (viditātmanaḥ) - whose self (ātman) is known, whose nature is understood

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of viditātman

viditātman - one whose self or true nature is known/understood

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vidita+ātman)

• vidita – known, understood, perceived
  participle
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'vid' (to know)
  Root: vid (class 2)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'tasya' and 'cintayataḥ'

पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

भगीरथः (bhagīrathaḥ) - Bhagīratha

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhagīratha

bhagīratha - A proper name, legendary king of the Solar dynasty, who brought the Ganges to earth.

नाम (nāma) - named, by name

(indeclinable)

Adverbial use

जज्ञे (jajñe) - was born, originated

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (lit) of jan

Perfect (Lit) 3rd singular

Root: jan (class 4)

परमधार्मिकः (paramadhārmikaḥ) - supremely righteous, extremely pious

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paramadhārmika

paramadhārmika - supremely righteous, very virtuous

Compound type : karmadhāraya (parama+dhārmika)

• parama – supreme, highest, utmost
  adjective
• dhārmika – righteous, virtuous, pious, adhering to dharma
  adjective
  Derived from 'dharma' with suffix '-ika'