वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-41, verse-15

भगीरथ महाभाग प्रीतस्ते ऽहं जनेश्वर ।
तपसा च सुतप्तेन वरं वरय सुव्रत ॥१५॥

15. bhagīratha mahābhāga prītaste'haṃ janeśvara ,
tapasā ca sutaptena varaṃ varaya suvrata.

15. bhagīratha mahābhāga prītaḥ te aham janeśvara
tapasā ca sutaptena varam varaya suvrata

15. bhagīratha mahābhāga janeśvara suvrata,
aham te sutaptena tapasā ca prītaḥ varam varaya

15. O King Bhagiratha, O greatly fortunate one! I am pleased with you because of your intensely practiced penance (tapas). O virtuous one, ask for a boon!

Words meanings summery:

• भगीरथ (bhagīratha) - direct address to King Bhagiratha (O Bhagiratha)

• महाभाग (mahābhāga) - an address recognizing Bhagiratha's great fortune due to his penance (O greatly fortunate one, O blessed one)

• प्रीतः (prītaḥ) - Brahma is pleased (pleased, satisfied)

• ते (te) - with you (by you, with you, to you, your)

• अहम् (aham) - Brahma (speaking) (I)

• जनेश्वर (janeśvara) - an address to Bhagiratha as a king (O lord of people, O king)

• तपसा (tapasā) - due to your ascetic practice (by penance, through austerity)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• सुतप्तेन (sutaptena) - by your exceedingly rigorous penance (well-performed, intensely performed, well-heated)

• वरम् (varam) - a desired blessing (a boon, a blessing, a choice)

• वरय (varaya) - request (a boon) (choose, ask for)

• सुव्रत (suvrata) - an address acknowledging Bhagiratha's adherence to his ascetic vows (O one of good vows, O virtuous one, O firm in vows)

Words meanings and morphology

भगीरथ (bhagīratha) - direct address to King Bhagiratha (O Bhagiratha)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhagīratha

bhagīratha - Bhagiratha (name of a king)

महाभाग (mahābhāga) - an address recognizing Bhagiratha's great fortune due to his penance (O greatly fortunate one, O blessed one)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahābhāga

mahābhāga - greatly fortunate, highly blessed

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+bhāga)

• mahā – great
  adjective
• bhāga – share, fortune, luck
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies Bhagiratha.

प्रीतः (prītaḥ) - Brahma is pleased (pleased, satisfied)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prīta

prīta - pleased, satisfied, gladdened

Past Passive Participle

from root prī (to please)

Root: prī (class 9)

Note: Predicative adjective for 'aham'.

ते (te) - with you (by you, with you, to you, your)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of tvad

tvad - you

Note: Enclitic form of 'tva'. Here, "pleased with you."

अहम् (aham) - Brahma (speaking) (I)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Subject of the implied verb "am".

जनेश्वर (janeśvara) - an address to Bhagiratha as a king (O lord of people, O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of janeśvara

janeśvara - lord of men, king

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jana+īśvara)

• jana – people, man
  noun (masculine)
• īśvara – lord, master, sovereign
  noun (masculine)
  Root: īś (class 2)

Note: Another vocative for Bhagiratha.

तपसा (tapasā) - due to your ascetic practice (by penance, through austerity)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - penance, austerity, heat, spiritual discipline

Note: Indicates the means by which Brahma is pleased.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

सुतप्तेन (sutaptena) - by your exceedingly rigorous penance (well-performed, intensely performed, well-heated)

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of sutapta

sutapta - well-heated, well-performed (of penance), intensely practiced

Past Passive Participle

from root tap (to heat, perform penance) with prefix su (well, intensely)

Compound type : prādi-samāsa (su+tapta)

• su – good, well, greatly, intensely
  indeclinable
• tapta – heated, performed (of penance)
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root tap (to heat, perform penance)
  Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'tapasā'.

वरम् (varam) - a desired blessing (a boon, a blessing, a choice)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vara

vara - boon, blessing, choice, best

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Object of 'varaya'.

वरय (varaya) - request (a boon) (choose, ask for)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of vṛ

causative/denomative from vṛ (to choose)

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Command from Brahma to Bhagiratha.

सुव्रत (suvrata) - an address acknowledging Bhagiratha's adherence to his ascetic vows (O one of good vows, O virtuous one, O firm in vows)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of suvrata

suvrata - of good vows, virtuous, firm in vows, pious

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+vrata)

• su – good, well
  indeclinable
• vrata – vow, sacred observance, religious practice
  noun (neuter)

Note: Another vocative for Bhagiratha.