वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-41, verse-13

तस्य वर्षसहस्राणि घोरे तपसि तिष्ठतः ।
सुप्रीतो भगवान्ब्रह्मा प्रजानां पतिरीश्वरः ॥१३॥

13. tasya varṣasahasrāṇi ghore tapasi tiṣṭhataḥ ,
suprīto bhagavānbrahmā prajānāṃ patirīśvaraḥ.

13. tasya varṣasahasrāṇi ghore tapasi tiṣṭhataḥ
suprītaḥ bhagavān brahmā prajānām patiḥ īśvaraḥ

13. tasya ghore tapasi varṣasahasrāṇi tiṣṭhataḥ
bhagavān brahmā prajānām patiḥ īśvaraḥ suprītaḥ

13. While he was engaged in severe penance (tapas) for thousands of years, the divine Lord Brahma, the master and sovereign of all beings, became greatly pleased.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्य (tasya) - of Bhagiratha (his, of him)

• वर्षसहस्राणि (varṣasahasrāṇi) - for many thousands of years (thousands of years)

• घोरे (ghore) - in intense and difficult (penance) (in severe, terrible, dreadful)

• तपसि (tapasi) - in his ascetic practice (in penance, in austerity)

• तिष्ठतः (tiṣṭhataḥ) - while he was performing (the penance) (remaining, standing, performing)

• सुप्रीतः (suprītaḥ) - highly pleased (with the penance) (greatly pleased, very satisfied)

• भगवान् (bhagavān) - the venerable Lord (divine, blessed, glorious, revered, Lord)

• ब्रह्मा (brahmā) - the creator deity Brahma (Brahma (the creator god), a priest)

• प्रजानाम् (prajānām) - of all created beings (of beings, of creatures, of offspring)

• पतिः (patiḥ) - the master (of all beings) (lord, master, husband)

• ईश्वरः (īśvaraḥ) - the supreme controller (controller, sovereign, lord, god)

Words meanings and morphology

तस्य (tasya) - of Bhagiratha (his, of him)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Connects to 'tiṣṭhataḥ'.

वर्षसहस्राणि (varṣasahasrāṇi) - for many thousands of years (thousands of years)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of varṣasahasra

varṣasahasra - a thousand years

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (varṣa+sahasra)

• varṣa – year
  noun (neuter)
• sahasra – thousand
  numeral (neuter)

Note: Indicates duration.

घोरे (ghore) - in intense and difficult (penance) (in severe, terrible, dreadful)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of ghora

ghora - terrible, dreadful, severe, fierce

Note: Qualifies 'tapasi'.

तपसि (tapasi) - in his ascetic practice (in penance, in austerity)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - penance, austerity, heat, spiritual discipline

Note: Location of the action 'tiṣṭhataḥ'.

तिष्ठतः (tiṣṭhataḥ) - while he was performing (the penance) (remaining, standing, performing)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of sthā

sthā - to stand, to remain, to be, to undertake

Present Active Participle

from root sthā (class 1)

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'tasya'.

सुप्रीतः (suprītaḥ) - highly pleased (with the penance) (greatly pleased, very satisfied)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of suprīta

suprīta - greatly pleased, highly satisfied

Past Passive Participle

from root prī (to please) with prefix su (well, greatly)

Compound type : prādi-samāsa (su+prīta)

• su – good, well, greatly
  indeclinable
• prīta – pleased, satisfied
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root prī (to please)
  Root: prī (class 9)

Note: Qualifies 'brahmā'.

भगवान् (bhagavān) - the venerable Lord (divine, blessed, glorious, revered, Lord)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhagavat

bhagavat - divine, blessed, glorious, revered, Lord

Note: Qualifies 'brahmā'.

ब्रह्मा (brahmā) - the creator deity Brahma (Brahma (the creator god), a priest)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of brahman

brahman - Brahma (the creator god), universal spirit, sacred word

Note: The subject of the sentence.

प्रजानाम् (prajānām) - of all created beings (of beings, of creatures, of offspring)

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of prajā

prajā - offspring, progeny, creatures, subjects, people

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Connects to 'patiḥ'.

पतिः (patiḥ) - the master (of all beings) (lord, master, husband)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pati

pati - lord, master, husband, owner

Note: Qualifies 'brahmā'.

ईश्वरः (īśvaraḥ) - the supreme controller (controller, sovereign, lord, god)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of īśvara

īśvara - lord, master, sovereign, god, controller

Root: īś (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'brahmā'.