वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-40, verse-8

स तं प्रदक्षिणं कृत्वा पृष्ट्वा चैव निरामयम् ।
पितॄन् स परिपप्रच्छ वाजिहर्तारमेव च ॥८॥

8. sa taṃ pradakṣiṇaṃ kṛtvā pṛṣṭvā caiva nirāmayam ,
pitṝn sa paripapraccha vājihartārameva ca.

8. sa tam pradakṣiṇam kṛtvā pṛṣṭvā ca eva nirāmayam
pitṝn sa paripapraccha vāji-hartāram eva ca

8. sa tam pradakṣiṇam kṛtvā ca eva nirāmayam pṛṣṭvā
saḥ pitṝn ca eva vāji-hartāram paripapraccha

8. Having circumambulated him and inquired about his well-being, he (Anśuman) then asked (the elephant) about his ancestors and also about the stealer of the horse.

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - He (Anśuman) (he, that)

• तम् (tam) - him (the directional elephant) (him, that)

• प्रदक्षिणम् (pradakṣiṇam) - performing a circumambulation (circumambulation (keeping the right side towards the object), auspicious)

• कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having performed (having done, after doing)

• पृष्ट्वा (pṛṣṭvā) - having inquired (having asked, having questioned)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, only, just)

• निरामयम् (nirāmayam) - about his well-being (well-being, health, freedom from illness)

• पितॄन् (pitṝn) - about his (Anśuman's) ancestors (fathers, ancestors)

• स (sa) - He (Anśuman) (he, that)

• परिपप्रच्छ (paripapraccha) - Anśuman asked (he asked, he questioned thoroughly)

• वाजि-हर्तारम् (vāji-hartāram) - the one who stole the sacrificial horse (the stealer of the horse, the horse-thief)

• एव (eva) - also (indeed, only, just)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - He (Anśuman) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तम् (tam) - him (the directional elephant) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to `diśāgajam`.

प्रदक्षिणम् (pradakṣiṇam) - performing a circumambulation (circumambulation (keeping the right side towards the object), auspicious)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverbial usage with `kṛtvā`.

कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having performed (having done, after doing)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root 'kṛ' (to do), with '-tvā' suffix

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Forms a compound action with `pradakṣiṇam`.

पृष्ट्वा (pṛṣṭvā) - having inquired (having asked, having questioned)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root 'prach' (to ask), with '-tvā' suffix

Root: prach (class 6)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, only, just)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

निरामयम् (nirāmayam) - about his well-being (well-being, health, freedom from illness)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of nirāmaya

nirāmaya - healthy, well, freedom from sickness, well-being

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nis+āmaya)

• nis – without, out, away
  indeclinable
• āmaya – sickness, disease
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of `pṛṣṭvā`.

पितॄन् (pitṝn) - about his (Anśuman's) ancestors (fathers, ancestors)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pitṛ

pitṛ - father, ancestor

Note: Object of `paripapraccha`.

स (sa) - He (Anśuman) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Repetition for emphasis or clarity of subject.

परिपप्रच्छ (paripapraccha) - Anśuman asked (he asked, he questioned thoroughly)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of pari-prach

Perfect

3rd person singular, perfect tense, active voice. Root 'prach' with prefix 'pari'.

Prefix: pari

Root: prach (class 6)

वाजि-हर्तारम् (vāji-hartāram) - the one who stole the sacrificial horse (the stealer of the horse, the horse-thief)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vājihartṛ

vājihartṛ - horse-stealer

Compound of 'vāji' (horse) and 'hartṛ' (stealer/taker). 'Hartṛ' is agent noun from root 'hṛ'.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vājin+hartṛ)

• vājin – horse, spirited, swift
  noun (masculine)
• hartṛ – taker, stealer, remover
  noun (masculine)
  Agent Noun
  From root 'hṛ' (to take, to steal)
  Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Object of `paripapraccha`.

एव (eva) - also (indeed, only, just)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.