वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-38, verse-26

अयं यज्ञहनो ऽस्माकमनेनाश्वो ऽपनीयते ।
इति ते सर्वभूतानि निघ्नन्ति सगरात्मजः ॥२६॥

26. ayaṃ yajñahano'smākamanenāśvo'panīyate ,
iti te sarvabhūtāni nighnanti sagarātmajaḥ.

26. ayam yajñahanaḥ asmākam anena aśvaḥ apanīyate
iti te sarvabhūtāni nighnanti sagarātmajaḥ

26. te sagarātmajaḥ (iti) "ayam asmākam yajñahanaḥ anena
aśvaḥ apanīyate" (iti matvā) sarvabhūtāni nighnanti

26. “This is the destroyer of our Vedic ritual (yajña); by him the horse is being stolen.” Thinking thus, the sons of Sagara kill all beings.

Words meanings summery:

• अयम् (ayam) - this, this one

• यज्ञहनः (yajñahanaḥ) - killer of the sacrifice, destroyer of the yajña

• अस्माकम् (asmākam) - our, of us

• अनेन (anena) - by this, by him

• अश्वः (aśvaḥ) - horse

• अपनीयते (apanīyate) - is being stolen, is being led away

• इति (iti) - thus, so saying, thinking this

• ते (te) - they (the sons of Sagara) (they, those)

• सर्वभूतानि (sarvabhūtāni) - all beings, all creatures

• निघ्नन्ति (nighnanti) - they kill, they strike

• सगरात्मजः (sagarātmajaḥ) - the sons of Sagara (despite singular form, contextually plural) (son of Sagara)

Words meanings and morphology

अयम् (ayam) - this, this one

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Refers to the supposed thief of the horse.

यज्ञहनः (yajñahanaḥ) - killer of the sacrifice, destroyer of the yajña

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yajñahan

yajñahan - destroyer of sacrifice

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (yajña+han)

• yajña – sacrifice, oblation, worship
  noun (masculine)
  Root: yaj (class 1)
• han – killer, destroyer
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun
  Derived from √han (to strike, kill)
  Root: han (class 2)

Note: Predicate of 'ayam'.

अस्माकम् (asmākam) - our, of us

(pronoun)

Genitive, plural of asmad

asmad - we, us

Note: Possessive, referring to the sons of Sagara.

अनेन (anena) - by this, by him

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Refers to the supposed thief, implied agent in passive construction.

अश्वः (aśvaḥ) - horse

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aśva

aśva - horse

Root: aś

Note: Subject of the passive verb 'apanīyate'.

अपनीयते (apanīyate) - is being stolen, is being led away

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of apanī

Present Middle

Present 3rd person singular, passive voice, middle ending of apa-√nī

Prefix: apa

Root: nī (class 1)

इति (iti) - thus, so saying, thinking this

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces direct speech or thought.

ते (te) - they (the sons of Sagara) (they, those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Subject of 'nighnanti'.

सर्वभूतानि (sarvabhūtāni) - all beings, all creatures

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of sarvabhūta

sarvabhūta - all beings, every creature

Compound type : karmadhāraya (sarva+bhūta)

• sarva – all, every, whole, entire
  pronoun
• bhūta – being, creature, element
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from √bhū (to be, to exist)
  Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Object of 'nighnanti'.

निघ्नन्ति (nighnanti) - they kill, they strike

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of ni-han

Present Active

Present 3rd person plural of ni-√han

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

सगरात्मजः (sagarātmajaḥ) - the sons of Sagara (despite singular form, contextually plural) (son of Sagara)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sagarātmaja

sagarātmaja - son of Sagara

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sagara+ātmaja)

• sagara – Sagara (proper name of a king)
  proper noun (masculine)
• ātmaja – son, born of oneself
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from ātman-jā (born from self)
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Grammatically singular nominative, but contextually refers to the plural 'sons of Sagara' who are performing the action. Textual variants often show 'sagarātmajāḥ' (plural) here.