वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-30, verse-9

नास्य देवा न गन्धर्वा नासुरा न च राक्षसाः ।
कर्तुमारोपणं शक्ता न कथं चन मानुषाः ॥९॥

9. nāsya devā na gandharvā nāsurā na ca rākṣasāḥ ,
kartumāropaṇaṃ śaktā na kathaṃ cana mānuṣāḥ.

9. na asya devāḥ na gandharvāḥ na asurāḥ na ca rākṣasāḥ
kartum āropaṇam śaktāḥ na kathaṃ cana mānuṣāḥ

9. devāḥ gandharvāḥ asurāḥ ca rākṣasāḥ na śaktāḥ
asya āropaṇam kartum na kathaṃ cana mānuṣāḥ

9. Gods, Gandharvas, Asuras, Rākṣasas, and even humans, were in no way capable of stringing this (bow).

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, nor

• अस्य (asya) - of this (bow) (of this)

• देवाः (devāḥ) - gods, deities

• न (na) - not, nor

• गन्धर्वाः (gandharvāḥ) - Gandharvas (celestial musicians)

• न (na) - not, nor

• असुराः (asurāḥ) - Asuras (demons)

• न (na) - not, nor

• च (ca) - and, also

• राक्षसाः (rākṣasāḥ) - Rākṣasas (demons)

• कर्तुम् (kartum) - to do, to make, to accomplish

• आरोपणम् (āropaṇam) - stringing (the bow) (stringing, placing upon, raising)

• शक्ताः (śaktāḥ) - capable, strong, powerful

• न (na) - not, nor

• कथं (kathaṁ) - how, in what way

• चन (cana) - combines with 'katham' to mean 'in any way whatsoever' (even, whatsoever, any)

• मानुषाः (mānuṣāḥ) - humans, men

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, nor

(indeclinable)

अस्य (asya) - of this (bow) (of this)

(pronoun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this here

देवाः (devāḥ) - gods, deities

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of deva

deva - god, deity, divine

Root: div (class 1)

न (na) - not, nor

(indeclinable)

गन्धर्वाः (gandharvāḥ) - Gandharvas (celestial musicians)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of gandharva

gandharva - Gandharva (a class of celestial beings, often musicians or divine attendants)

न (na) - not, nor

(indeclinable)

असुराः (asurāḥ) - Asuras (demons)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of asura

asura - Asura (a class of beings often associated with power and sometimes seen as adversaries of the gods)

न (na) - not, nor

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

राक्षसाः (rākṣasāḥ) - Rākṣasas (demons)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rākṣasa

rākṣasa - Rākṣasa (a class of malevolent beings or demons)

कर्तुम् (kartum) - to do, to make, to accomplish

(indeclinable)

infinitive

root `kṛ` + infinitive suffix `-tum`

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Used as an infinitive

आरोपणम् (āropaṇam) - stringing (the bow) (stringing, placing upon, raising)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of āropaṇa

āropaṇa - stringing, placing upon, causing to ascend, planting

gerundive noun

Derived from root `ruh` (to ascend) with prefix `ā-` and suffix `-ana` (causative stem `ropi-`)

Prefix: ā

Root: ruh (class 1)

शक्ताः (śaktāḥ) - capable, strong, powerful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śakta

śakta - able, capable, strong, powerful

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root `śak` (to be able) + suffix `-ta`

Root: śak (class 5)

Note: Used as an adjective to describe the subjects.

न (na) - not, nor

(indeclinable)

कथं (kathaṁ) - how, in what way

(indeclinable)

चन (cana) - combines with 'katham' to mean 'in any way whatsoever' (even, whatsoever, any)

(indeclinable)

Note: Forms an idiom 'kathaṃ cana' meaning 'in any way whatsoever'.

मानुषाः (mānuṣāḥ) - humans, men

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mānuṣa

mānuṣa - human, man, mortal