वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-30, verse-18

ते गत्वा दूरमध्वानं लम्बमाने दिवाकरे ।
वासं चक्रुर्मुनिगणाः शोणाकूले समाहिताः ॥१८॥

18. te gatvā dūramadhvānaṃ lambamāne divākare ,
vāsaṃ cakrurmunigaṇāḥ śoṇākūle samāhitāḥ.

18. te gatvā dūram adhvānam lambamāne divākare
vāsam cakruḥ munigaṇāḥ śoṇākūle samāhitāḥ

18. divākare lambamāne te munigaṇāḥ dūram adhvānam
gatvā samāhitāḥ śoṇākūle vāsam cakruḥ

18. Having traveled a great distance, as the sun (divākara) was setting low, those groups of sages, composed and attentive, made their dwelling on the bank of the Śoṇā river.

Words meanings summery:

• ते (te) - the groups of sages (they)

• गत्वा (gatvā) - having gone/traveled

• दूरम् (dūram) - far, a long distance

• अध्वानम् (adhvānam) - distance, path, road

• लम्बमाने (lambamāne) - while the sun was setting (while hanging low, setting)

• दिवाकरे (divākare) - when the sun (divākara) was setting (in the sun, when the sun)

• वासम् (vāsam) - dwelling, residence, camp

• चक्रुः (cakruḥ) - they made their dwelling (they made, did)

• मुनिगणाः (munigaṇāḥ) - groups of sages

• शोणाकूले (śoṇākūle) - on the bank of the Śoṇā river

• समाहिताः (samāhitāḥ) - the groups of sages, being attentive and settled (well-composed, attentive, absorbed)

Words meanings and morphology

ते (te) - the groups of sages (they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers to the groups of sages.

गत्वा (gatvā) - having gone/traveled

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from √gam + tvā suffix

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Denotes prior action.

दूरम् (dūram) - far, a long distance

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dūra

dūra - far, distant

Note: Qualifies 'adhvānam'.

अध्वानम् (adhvānam) - distance, path, road

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of adhvan

adhvan - path, road, journey, distance

Note: Object of 'gatvā'.

लम्बमाने (lambamāne) - while the sun was setting (while hanging low, setting)

(participle)

Locative, masculine, singular of lamb

lamb - to hang, fall, descend

Present Middle Participle

From √lamb (to hang, drop) with -māna suffix. Locative singular.

Root: lamb (class 1)

Note: In locative absolute construction with 'divākare'.

दिवाकरे (divākare) - when the sun (divākara) was setting (in the sun, when the sun)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of divākara

divākara - sun, maker of day (divākara)

Compound 'divā' (by day) + 'kara' (maker).

Compound type : tatpurusha (divā+kara)

• divā – by day, daily
  indeclinable
• kara – maker, doer
  noun (masculine)
  From √kṛ (to do, make)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: In locative absolute construction with 'lambamāne'.

वासम् (vāsam) - dwelling, residence, camp

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vāsa

vāsa - dwelling, residence, abode, encampment

From √vas (to dwell).

Root: vas (class 1)

Note: Object of 'cakruḥ'.

चक्रुः (cakruḥ) - they made their dwelling (they made, did)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past perfect (Lit) of kṛ

Perfect Active

3rd person plural Perfect active

Root: kṛ (class 8)

मुनिगणाः (munigaṇāḥ) - groups of sages

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of munigaṇa

munigaṇa - a group or multitude of sages

Compound meaning "group of sages".

Compound type : tatpurusha (muni+gaṇa)

• muni – sage, ascetic
  noun (masculine)
• gaṇa – group, multitude
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of 'cakruḥ'.

शोणाकूले (śoṇākūle) - on the bank of the Śoṇā river

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of śoṇākūla

śoṇākūla - the bank of the Śoṇā (river)

Compound 'Śoṇā' (name of a river) + 'kūla' (bank).

Compound type : tatpurusha (śoṇā+kūla)

• śoṇā – name of a river (feminine)
  proper noun (feminine)
• kūla – bank, shore, slope
  noun (neuter)

Note: Location of the dwelling.

समाहिताः (samāhitāḥ) - the groups of sages, being attentive and settled (well-composed, attentive, absorbed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of samāhita

samāhita - collected, composed, attentive, absorbed, prepared

Past Passive Participle

From sam-ā-√dhā (to collect, compose).

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: dhā (class 3)