महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-62, verse-8

स कृत्वा पितृकर्म त्वं पुत्रं संस्थाप्य सत्पथे ।
वर्तेथा यदि धर्मेण न त्वां व्यसनमाव्रजेत् ॥८॥

8. sa kṛtvā pitṛkarma tvaṁ putraṁ saṁsthāpya satpathe ,
vartethā yadi dharmeṇa na tvāṁ vyasanamāvrajet.

8. sa kṛtvā pitṛkarma tvam putraṃ saṃsthāpya satpathe
vartethā yadi dharmeṇa na tvām vyasanam āvrajet

8. yadi tvaṃ pitṛkarma kṛtvā putraṃ satpathe saṃsthāpya sa dharmeṇa vartethā,
na vyasanam tvām āvrajet

8. If, having performed your paternal duties (pitṛkarma) and established your son on the right path, you had then lived by righteousness (dharma), misfortune would not have befallen you.

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - Refers to Dhṛtarāṣṭra (you), as the subject of the conditional clause. (he, that)

• कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done, having performed

• पितृकर्म (pitṛkarma) - Duties expected of a father, or rites for ancestors. (father's duty, paternal rites/actions)

• त्वम् (tvam) - Dhṛtarāṣṭra (you)

• पुत्रं (putraṁ) - Duryodhana (son)

• संस्थाप्य (saṁsthāpya) - Having guided or settled the son. (having established, having placed, having set up)

• सत्पथे (satpathe) - On the path of righteousness or virtue. (on the right path, on the path of good)

• वर्तेथा (vartethā) - You (Dhṛtarāṣṭra) would conduct yourself. (you would act, you would behave)

• यदि (yadi) - if

• धर्मेण (dharmeṇa) - In accordance with moral and ethical principles, or societal rules. (by (natural) law, by righteousness, by right conduct)

• न (na) - not

• त्वाम् (tvām) - Dhṛtarāṣṭra (you)

• व्यसनम् (vyasanam) - misfortune, calamity, distress

• आव्रजेत् (āvrajet) - Misfortune would come. (would come, should approach, would befall)

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - Refers to Dhṛtarāṣṭra (you), as the subject of the conditional clause. (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Used as a demonstrative referring back to 'tvam'.

कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done, having performed

(indeclinable)

Absolutive

Suffix -tvā.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

पितृकर्म (pitṛkarma) - Duties expected of a father, or rites for ancestors. (father's duty, paternal rites/actions)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pitṛkarma

pitṛkarma - father's duty, paternal acts, funeral rites

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pitṛ+karma)

• pitṛ – father, ancestor
  noun (masculine)
• karma – action, deed, duty, fate (karma)
  noun (neuter)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

त्वम् (tvam) - Dhṛtarāṣṭra (you)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of tvad

tvad - you

Note: Refers to Dhṛtarāṣṭra.

पुत्रं (putraṁ) - Duryodhana (son)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

संस्थाप्य (saṁsthāpya) - Having guided or settled the son. (having established, having placed, having set up)

(indeclinable)

Causative Absolutive

Root √sthā with prefix saṃ- (together) in causative form (sthāp-) and absolutive suffix -ya.

Prefix: sam

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Used as an absolutive (gerund).

सत्पथे (satpathe) - On the path of righteousness or virtue. (on the right path, on the path of good)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of satpatha

satpatha - right path, good path, path of virtue

Compound type : karmadhāraya (sat+patha)

• sat – good, true, existing, righteous
  adjective (masculine)
  Present Active Participle
  Derived from √as (to be).
  Root: as (class 2)
• patha – path, road, way
  noun (masculine)

वर्तेथा (vartethā) - You (Dhṛtarāṣṭra) would conduct yourself. (you would act, you would behave)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, optative (liṅ) of √vṛt

Optative

Root √vṛt, Middle Voice.

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Used here for a past unreal condition; refers to Dhṛtarāṣṭra.

यदि (yadi) - if

(indeclinable)

धर्मेण (dharmeṇa) - In accordance with moral and ethical principles, or societal rules. (by (natural) law, by righteousness, by right conduct)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - righteousness, duty, law, virtue, custom, intrinsic nature (dharma)

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

त्वाम् (tvām) - Dhṛtarāṣṭra (you)

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of tvad

tvad - you

Note: Refers to Dhṛtarāṣṭra.

व्यसनम् (vyasanam) - misfortune, calamity, distress

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vyasana

vyasana - misfortune, calamity, distress, vice, addiction

आव्रजेत् (āvrajet) - Misfortune would come. (would come, should approach, would befall)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of √vraj

Optative

Prefix ā- (towards) + √vraj (to go).

Prefix: ā

Root: vraj (class 1)

Note: Used here in a conditional sense for a past unreal condition.