महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-46, verse-9

रुक्मपुङ्खैर्महावेगैराकर्णसमचोदितैः ।
अविध्यद्दशभिर्बाणैरश्वत्थामानमार्जुनिः ॥९॥

9. rukmapuṅkhairmahāvegairākarṇasamacoditaiḥ ,
avidhyaddaśabhirbāṇairaśvatthāmānamārjuniḥ.

9. rukmapuṅkhaiḥ mahāvegaiḥ ākarṇasamacoditaiḥ
avidhyat daśabhiḥ bāṇaiḥ aśvatthāmānam ārjuniḥ

9. ārjuniḥ rukmapuṅkhaiḥ mahāvegaiḥ ākarṇasamacoditaiḥ
daśabhiḥ bāṇaiḥ aśvatthāmānam avidhyat

9. The son of Arjuna (Abhimanyu) then pierced Aśvatthāmā with ten arrows that had golden shafts, possessed great speed, and were drawn up to the ear.

Words meanings summery:

• रुक्मपुङ्खैः (rukmapuṅkhaiḥ) - with golden-shafted (arrows)

• महावेगैः (mahāvegaiḥ) - with great speed (arrows) (with great speed, very swift)

• आकर्णसमचोदितैः (ākarṇasamacoditaiḥ) - drawn up to the ear (arrows) (driven/shot up to the ear, pulled to the ear (describing arrows))

• अविध्यत् (avidhyat) - he pierced (he pierced, he struck)

• दशभिः (daśabhiḥ) - with ten (arrows) (with ten)

• बाणैः (bāṇaiḥ) - with arrows

• अश्वत्थामानम् (aśvatthāmānam) - Aśvatthāmā (Droṇa's son) (Aśvatthāmā (proper name))

• आर्जुनिः (ārjuniḥ) - Abhimanyu (son of Arjuna) (the son of Arjuna, Abhimanyu)

Words meanings and morphology

रुक्मपुङ्खैः (rukmapuṅkhaiḥ) - with golden-shafted (arrows)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of rukmapuṅkha

rukmapuṅkha - having golden shafts/feathers (for arrows)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (rukma+puṅkha)

• rukma – gold
  noun (neuter)
• puṅkha – shaft (of an arrow), feather
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'bāṇaiḥ'.

महावेगैः (mahāvegaiḥ) - with great speed (arrows) (with great speed, very swift)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of mahāvega

mahāvega - having great speed, very swift, powerful

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+vega)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective
• vega – speed, velocity, force
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'bāṇaiḥ'.

आकर्णसमचोदितैः (ākarṇasamacoditaiḥ) - drawn up to the ear (arrows) (driven/shot up to the ear, pulled to the ear (describing arrows))

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of ākarṇasamacodita

ākarṇasamacodita - propelled/discharged up to the ear

Past Passive Participle

From root cud with upasargas ā, sama.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa or descriptive compound (ākarṇa+sama+codita)

• ākarṇa – up to the ear
  indeclinable
  From ā + karṇa
  Prefix: ā
• sama – equal, alike, together, complete
  adjective (masculine)
• codita – impelled, urged, discharged
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root cud.
  Root: cud (class 10)

Note: Agrees with 'bāṇaiḥ'. Implies full draw of the bowstring for maximum power.

अविध्यत् (avidhyat) - he pierced (he pierced, he struck)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of vyadh

imperfect 3rd singular

Root: vyadh (class 4)

Note: Subject is 'ārjuniḥ'.

दशभिः (daśabhiḥ) - with ten (arrows) (with ten)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of daśan

daśan - ten

बाणैः (bāṇaiḥ) - with arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bāṇa

bāṇa - arrow

अश्वत्थामानम् (aśvatthāmānam) - Aśvatthāmā (Droṇa's son) (Aśvatthāmā (proper name))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of aśvatthāman

aśvatthāman - Aśvatthāmā (a proper name, son of Droṇa)

Note: Object of 'avidhyat'.

आर्जुनिः (ārjuniḥ) - Abhimanyu (son of Arjuna) (the son of Arjuna, Abhimanyu)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ārjuni

ārjuni - son of Arjuna (a name for Abhimanyu)

patronymic from Arjuna

Note: Subject of the sentence.