महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-46, verse-3

संजय उवाच ।
अभिमन्युः प्रविश्यैव तावकान्निशितैः शरैः ।
अकरोद्विमुखान्सर्वान्पार्थिवान्पाण्डुनन्दनः ॥३॥

3. saṁjaya uvāca ,
abhimanyuḥ praviśyaiva tāvakānniśitaiḥ śaraiḥ ,
akarodvimukhānsarvānpārthivānpāṇḍunandanaḥ.

3. saṃjayaḥ uvāca abhimanyuḥ praviśya eva tāvakān niśitaiḥ
śaraiḥ akarot vimukhān sarvān pārthivān pāṇḍunandanaḥ

3. saṃjayaḥ uvāca pāṇḍunandanaḥ abhimanyuḥ niśitaiḥ śaraiḥ
tāvakān praviśya eva sarvān pārthivān vimukhān akarot

3. Saṃjaya said: Abhimanyu, the son of Pāṇḍu, having deeply penetrated your (Kaurava) forces with his sharp arrows, made all the kings turn and retreat.

Words meanings summery:

• संजयः (saṁjayaḥ) - The narrator Saṃjaya (Saṃjaya)

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said (he said, he spoke)

• अभिमन्युः (abhimanyuḥ) - Abhimanyu (Arjuna's son) (Abhimanyu)

• प्रविश्य (praviśya) - having deeply penetrated (having entered, having penetrated)

• एव (eva) - indeed, deeply (emphasizing the penetration) (indeed, only, certainly, even)

• तावकान् (tāvakān) - your (Kaurava) warriors/forces (your (pl.))

• निशितैः (niśitaiḥ) - with sharp (arrows) (with sharp, by sharpened)

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows (by arrows, with arrows)

• अकरोत् (akarot) - he made (he made, he did)

• विमुखान् (vimukhān) - retreating, turning away (facing away, turned away, retreating)

• सर्वान् (sarvān) - all (the kings) (all)

• पार्थिवान् (pārthivān) - kings, princes (kings, princes, earthly ones)

• पाण्डुनन्दनः (pāṇḍunandanaḥ) - the son of Pāṇḍu (referring to Abhimanyu) (son of Pāṇḍu, delight of Pāṇḍu)

Words meanings and morphology

संजयः (saṁjayaḥ) - The narrator Saṃjaya (Saṃjaya)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃjaya

saṁjaya - victory, conqueror, name of Dhṛtarāṣṭra's charioteer

From sam-ji (to conquer completely)

Prefix: sam

Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Subject of uvāca.

उवाच (uvāca) - he said (he said, he spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of uvāca

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular

Root vac (to speak), perfect form.

Root: vac (class 2)

अभिमन्युः (abhimanyuḥ) - Abhimanyu (Arjuna's son) (Abhimanyu)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of abhimanyu

abhimanyu - name of Arjuna's son

From abhi-manyu (proud, furious).

Prefix: abhi

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Subject, along with pāṇḍunandanaḥ.

प्रविश्य (praviśya) - having deeply penetrated (having entered, having penetrated)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive / Gerund

Root viś (to enter) with prefix pra and suffix lyaP.

Prefix: pra

Root: viś (class 6)

Note: Modifies the main action akarot.

एव (eva) - indeed, deeply (emphasizing the penetration) (indeed, only, certainly, even)

(indeclinable)

तावकान् (tāvakān) - your (Kaurava) warriors/forces (your (pl.))

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tāvaka

tāvaka - your, belonging to you, relating to you (plural)

Derived from tava (your) + ka suffix.

Note: Object of praviśya.

निशितैः (niśitaiḥ) - with sharp (arrows) (with sharp, by sharpened)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of niśita

niśita - sharp, sharpened, keen, acute

Past Passive Participle

Root śo (to sharpen) with prefix ni + suffix kta.

Prefix: ni

Root: śo (class 4)

Note: Agrees with śaraiḥ.

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows (by arrows, with arrows)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow, reed

Root: śṛ (class 1)

Note: Instrument of the action praviśya (entering).

अकरोत् (akarot) - he made (he made, he did)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of kṛ

Imperfect tense, 3rd person singular

Root kṛ (to do), imperfect form.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

विमुखान् (vimukhān) - retreating, turning away (facing away, turned away, retreating)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vimukha

vimukha - having the face turned away, averted, retreating, displeased, hostile

Compound of vi (away) and mukha (face).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vi+mukha)

• vi – apart, away, without
  indeclinable
• mukha – face, mouth, front
  noun (neuter)

Note: Object complement of akarot.

सर्वान् (sarvān) - all (the kings) (all)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, complete

Note: Qualifies pārthivān.

पार्थिवान् (pārthivān) - kings, princes (kings, princes, earthly ones)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pārthiva

pārthiva - earthly, regal, king, prince

From pṛthivī (earth) + aṇ suffix.

Note: Object of akarot.

पाण्डुनन्दनः (pāṇḍunandanaḥ) - the son of Pāṇḍu (referring to Abhimanyu) (son of Pāṇḍu, delight of Pāṇḍu)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pāṇḍunandana

pāṇḍunandana - son of Pāṇḍu, delight of Pāṇḍu

Compound of Pāṇḍu (name) and nandana (son, delight).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pāṇḍu+nandana)

• pāṇḍu – Pāṇḍu (father of the Pāṇḍavas)
  proper noun (masculine)
• nandana – son, child, delight, gladdening
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root nand (to rejoice) + ana suffix.
  Root: nand (class 1)

Note: Subject, appositive to abhimanyuḥ.