महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-46, verse-17

तस्मिन्द्रोणो बाणशतं पुत्रगृद्धी न्यपातयत् ।
अश्वत्थामा तथाष्टौ च परीप्सन्पितरं रणे ॥१७॥

17. tasmindroṇo bāṇaśataṁ putragṛddhī nyapātayat ,
aśvatthāmā tathāṣṭau ca parīpsanpitaraṁ raṇe.

17. tasmin droṇaḥ bāṇaśatam putragṛddhī nyapātayat
aśvatthāmā tathā aṣṭau ca parīpsan pitaram raṇe

17. putragṛddhī droṇaḥ tasmin bāṇaśatam nyapātayat
tathā ca aśvatthāmā raṇe pitaram parīpsan aṣṭau

17. Upon him (Abhimanyu), Droṇa, intensely devoted to his son, discharged a hundred arrows. And Aśvatthāmā, seeking to protect his father in battle, similarly shot eight.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - on Abhimanyu (on him, in him)

• द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Droṇa

• बाणशतम् (bāṇaśatam) - a hundred arrows

• पुत्रगृद्धी (putragṛddhī) - Droṇa, intensely devoted to his son Aśvatthāmā (greedy for his son, fond of his son, devoted to his son)

• न्यपातयत् (nyapātayat) - caused to fall, shot, discharged

• अश्वत्थामा (aśvatthāmā) - Aśvatthāmā

• तथा (tathā) - similarly (thus, so, similarly)

• अष्टौ (aṣṭau) - eight (arrows) (eight)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• परीप्सन् (parīpsan) - desiring to protect, wishing to save

• पितरम् (pitaram) - his (Aśvatthāmā's) father (Droṇa) (father)

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in combat

Words meanings and morphology

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - on Abhimanyu (on him, in him)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Abhimanyu.

द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Droṇa

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Droṇa (a teacher of the Pāṇḍavas and Kauravas)

Root: dru (class 1)

बाणशतम् (bāṇaśatam) - a hundred arrows

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bāṇaśata

bāṇaśata - a hundred arrows

Compound type : tatpurusha (bāṇa+śata)

• bāṇa – arrow
  noun (masculine)
  Root: śṛ (class 1)
• śata – a hundred
  numeral (neuter)
  Root: śo (class 4)

Note: Acts as a numerical measure, functioning as the object.

पुत्रगृद्धी (putragṛddhī) - Droṇa, intensely devoted to his son Aśvatthāmā (greedy for his son, fond of his son, devoted to his son)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of putragṛddhin

putragṛddhin - greedy for a son, fond of a son

Compound of putra (son) and gṛddhin (greedy/desirous)

Compound type : tatpurusha (putra+gṛddhin)

• putra – son
  noun (masculine)
• gṛddhin – greedy, desirous
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root gṛdh (to be greedy)
  Root: gṛdh (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'droṇaḥ'.

न्यपातयत् (nyapātayat) - caused to fall, shot, discharged

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of nipātay

Causative, Imperfect tense

Root pat (to fall) with prefix ni-, in causative form

Prefix: ni

Root: pat (class 1)

अश्वत्थामा (aśvatthāmā) - Aśvatthāmā

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aśvatthāman

aśvatthāman - Aśvatthāmā (son of Droṇa)

तथा (tathā) - similarly (thus, so, similarly)

(indeclinable)

अष्टौ (aṣṭau) - eight (arrows) (eight)

(numeral)

Note: Implied object 'arrows'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

परीप्सन् (parīpsan) - desiring to protect, wishing to save

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of parīpsat

parīpsat - desiring to protect, wishing to save

Desiderative Present Active Participle

Derived from root pā (to protect) with prefix pari-, in desiderative form

Prefix: pari

Root: pā (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'aśvatthāmā'.

पितरम् (pitaram) - his (Aśvatthāmā's) father (Droṇa) (father)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in combat

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, combat, war

Root: raṇ (class 1)