महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-46, verse-13

तं द्रौणिः पञ्चविंशत्या क्षुद्रकाणां समर्पयत् ।
वरं वरममित्राणामारुजन्तमभीतवत् ॥१३॥

13. taṁ drauṇiḥ pañcaviṁśatyā kṣudrakāṇāṁ samarpayat ,
varaṁ varamamitrāṇāmārujantamabhītavat.

13. tam drauṇiḥ pañcaviṃśatyā kṣudrakāṇām samarpayat
varam varam amitrāṇām ārujantam abhītavat

13. drauṇiḥ tam amitrāṇām varam varam abhītavat
ārujantam pañcaviṃśatyā kṣudrakāṇām samarpayat

13. Drauni (Ashvatthama) assailed him (Arjuna) with twenty-five small arrows, while Arjuna was fearlessly crushing the foremost among the enemies.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - Arjuna (referring to the subject of previous action, the 'mighty one') (him, that)

• द्रौणिः (drauṇiḥ) - Ashvatthama (Drona's son, Ashvatthama)

• पञ्चविंशत्या (pañcaviṁśatyā) - with twenty-five

• क्षुद्रकाणाम् (kṣudrakāṇām) - of small arrows (implied) (of small ones, of short ones)

• समर्पयत् (samarpayat) - he assailed (with arrows) (he bestowed, he assailed, he directed)

• वरम् (varam) - the best one (among enemies) (best, excellent; boon)

• वरम् (varam) - the best one (among enemies) (best, excellent; boon)

• अमित्राणाम् (amitrāṇām) - of the enemies

• आरुजन्तम् (ārujantam) - him who was crushing (enemies) (crushing, breaking, shattering)

• अभीतवत् (abhītavat) - fearlessly, like one without fear

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - Arjuna (referring to the subject of previous action, the 'mighty one') (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, him, her, it

द्रौणिः (drauṇiḥ) - Ashvatthama (Drona's son, Ashvatthama)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of drauṇi

drauṇi - son of Drona, Ashvatthama

Patronymic from droṇa (Drona).

पञ्चविंशत्या (pañcaviṁśatyā) - with twenty-five

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of pañcaviṃśati

pañcaviṁśati - twenty-five

Compound type : dvandva (pañcan+viṃśati)

• pañcan – five
  noun
• viṃśati – twenty
  noun (feminine)

Note: Compound numeral.

क्षुद्रकाणाम् (kṣudrakāṇām) - of small arrows (implied) (of small ones, of short ones)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of kṣudraka

kṣudraka - small, minor, insignificant; small arrow

Derived from kṣudra (small).

Note: Often refers to small/short arrows.

समर्पयत् (samarpayat) - he assailed (with arrows) (he bestowed, he assailed, he directed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of samarp

Imperfect tense (laṅ) form of causative stem of root ṛ (to go) with prefix sam-a.

Prefixes: sam+a

Root: ṛ (class 1)

Note: From sam + ā + root ṛ (causative arpayati).

वरम् (varam) - the best one (among enemies) (best, excellent; boon)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vara

vara - best, excellent, principal; boon

Note: Repeated for emphasis, 'each best one'.

वरम् (varam) - the best one (among enemies) (best, excellent; boon)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vara

vara - best, excellent, principal; boon

Note: Repetition indicates 'each' or 'foremost'.

अमित्राणाम् (amitrāṇām) - of the enemies

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of amitra

amitra - enemy, not a friend

Compound of a (negation) + mitra (friend).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+mitra)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• mitra – friend
  noun (masculine)

Note: Adjective to 'varam varam' (best among enemies).

आरुजन्तम् (ārujantam) - him who was crushing (enemies) (crushing, breaking, shattering)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ārujat

ārujat - crushing, breaking, shattering

Present Active Participle

Derived from root ruj (to break) with prefix ā.

Prefix: ā

Root: ruj (class 6)

Note: Participle, refers to 'tam' (Arjuna).

अभीतवत् (abhītavat) - fearlessly, like one without fear

(indeclinable)

Derived from abhīta (fearless) with suffix -vat (like, similar to).

Compound type : nañ-bahuvrīhi (a+bhīta)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• bhīta – frightened, fearful
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root bhī (to fear).
  Root: bhī (class 3)

Note: Adverbial use.