महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-46, verse-19

तांस्तु प्रत्यवधीत्सर्वान्दशभिर्दशभिः शरैः ।
तैरर्द्यमानः सौभद्रः सर्वतो निशितैः शरैः ॥१९॥

19. tāṁstu pratyavadhītsarvāndaśabhirdaśabhiḥ śaraiḥ ,
tairardyamānaḥ saubhadraḥ sarvato niśitaiḥ śaraiḥ.

19. tān tu pratyavadhīt sarvān daśabhiḥ daśabhiḥ śaraiḥ
taiḥ ardyamānaḥ saubhadraḥ sarvataḥ niśitaiḥ śaraiḥ

19. tu (saḥ) sarvān tān daśabhiḥ daśabhiḥ śaraiḥ pratyavadhīt
saubhadraḥ taiḥ niśitaiḥ śaraiḥ sarvataḥ ardyamānaḥ

19. But (Abhimanyu) struck back at all of them with ten arrows each. Being assailed from all sides by those sharp arrows, Saubhadra...

Words meanings summery:

• तान् (tān) - them (referring to Karṇa, Kṛtavarman, Bṛhadbala, Kṛpa) (them)

• तु (tu) - but (introduces a counter-action) (but, and, indeed)

• प्रत्यवधीत् (pratyavadhīt) - he struck back, he counter-attacked

• सर्वान् (sarvān) - all of them (the warriors mentioned in the previous verse) (all, everyone)

• दशभिः (daśabhiḥ) - with ten (arrows) (with ten)

• दशभिः (daśabhiḥ) - with ten (arrows) each (repetition emphasizes distribution) (with ten)

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

• तैः (taiḥ) - by those (arrows previously mentioned) (by those)

• अर्द्यमानः (ardyamānaḥ) - being assailed (being afflicted, being oppressed, being wounded)

• सौभद्रः (saubhadraḥ) - son of Subhadrā (Abhimanyu)

• सर्वतः (sarvataḥ) - from all sides, entirely, everywhere

• निशितैः (niśitaiḥ) - with sharp, sharpened

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

Words meanings and morphology

तान् (tān) - them (referring to Karṇa, Kṛtavarman, Bṛhadbala, Kṛpa) (them)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तु (tu) - but (introduces a counter-action) (but, and, indeed)

(indeclinable)

प्रत्यवधीत् (pratyavadhīt) - he struck back, he counter-attacked

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of han

Imperfect

Root han (2nd class) with prefixes prati and ava. 3rd person singular, imperfect active.

Prefixes: prati+ava

Root: han (class 2)

सर्वान् (sarvān) - all of them (the warriors mentioned in the previous verse) (all, everyone)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

दशभिः (daśabhiḥ) - with ten (arrows) (with ten)

(numeral)

Note: Acts as an adjective to 'śaraiḥ'.

दशभिः (daśabhiḥ) - with ten (arrows) each (repetition emphasizes distribution) (with ten)

(numeral)

Note: Repetition emphasizes 'each' or 'every one'.

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow

तैः (taiḥ) - by those (arrows previously mentioned) (by those)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the arrows mentioned in the previous half-verse.

अर्द्यमानः (ardyamānaḥ) - being assailed (being afflicted, being oppressed, being wounded)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ard

ard - to oppress, to hurt, to torment

Present Passive Participle

Root 'ard' (1st class) + passive suffix -ya + present participle suffix -māna. Masculine singular nominative.

Root: ard (class 1)

Note: Qualifies Saubhadraḥ.

सौभद्रः (saubhadraḥ) - son of Subhadrā (Abhimanyu)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saubhadra

saubhadra - son of Subhadrā (Abhimanyu)

Patronymic from Subhadrā.

सर्वतः (sarvataḥ) - from all sides, entirely, everywhere

(indeclinable)

Adverbial suffix -tas.

निशितैः (niśitaiḥ) - with sharp, sharpened

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of niśita

niśita - sharpened, keen, sharp

Past Passive Participle

From ni-śi (to sharpen).

Prefix: ni

Root: śi (class 7)

Note: Qualifies 'śaraiḥ'.

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow