महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-30, verse-23

तेनातिविद्धः सहसा द्रौणिर्भल्लैः शितैस्त्रिभिः ।
धनुर्ध्वजं च छत्रं च द्विषतः स न्यकृन्तत ॥२३॥

23. tenātividdhaḥ sahasā drauṇirbhallaiḥ śitaistribhiḥ ,
dhanurdhvajaṁ ca chatraṁ ca dviṣataḥ sa nyakṛntata.

23. tena atividdhaḥ sahasā drauṇiḥ bhallaiḥ śitaiḥ tribhiḥ
dhanuḥ dhvajaṃ ca chatraṃ ca dviṣataḥ saḥ nyakṛntata

23. saḥ drauṇiḥ tena atividdhaḥ sahasā tribhiḥ śitaiḥ
bhallaiḥ dviṣataḥ dhanuḥ dhvajaṃ ca chatraṃ ca nyakṛntata

23. Deeply pierced by him instantly with three sharp broad-headed arrows, Drauni cut down his enemy's bow-banner and umbrella.

Words meanings summery:

• तेन (tena) - by him, by that

• अतिविद्धः (atividdhaḥ) - deeply pierced, severely wounded

• सहसा (sahasā) - suddenly, instantly, by force

• द्रौणिः (drauṇiḥ) - Ashvatthama, son of Drona (Drauni, son of Drona (Ashvatthama))

• भल्लैः (bhallaiḥ) - with broad-headed arrows, with spears

• शितैः (śitaiḥ) - with sharp, with whetted

• त्रिभिः (tribhiḥ) - with three

• धनुः (dhanuḥ) - bow

• ध्वजं (dhvajaṁ) - banner, standard, flag

• च (ca) - and

• छत्रं (chatraṁ) - umbrella, parasol

• च (ca) - and

• द्विषतः (dviṣataḥ) - of the enemy, of the hater

• सः (saḥ) - he, Drauni (he)

• न्यकृन्तत (nyakṛntata) - cut down, chopped off

Words meanings and morphology

तेन (tena) - by him, by that

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अतिविद्धः (atividdhaḥ) - deeply pierced, severely wounded

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of atividdha

atividdha - deeply pierced, severely wounded

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root √vyadh (to pierce, strike) with the prefix ati and the kta (past passive participle) suffix.

Prefix: ati

Root: vyadh (class 4)

सहसा (sahasā) - suddenly, instantly, by force

(indeclinable)

द्रौणिः (drauṇiḥ) - Ashvatthama, son of Drona (Drauni, son of Drona (Ashvatthama))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of drauṇi

drauṇi - son of Drona, Ashvatthama

Patronymic from Droṇa.

भल्लैः (bhallaiḥ) - with broad-headed arrows, with spears

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bhalla

bhalla - broad-headed arrow, spear

शितैः (śitaiḥ) - with sharp, with whetted

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śita

śita - sharp, whetted, keen

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root √śo (to sharpen) with the kta (past passive participle) suffix.

Root: śo (class 4)

त्रिभिः (tribhiḥ) - with three

(numeral adjective)

धनुः (dhanuḥ) - bow

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dhanus

dhanus - bow, arc

Note: Accusative implied by action of cutting.

ध्वजं (dhvajaṁ) - banner, standard, flag

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dhvaja

dhvaja - banner, standard, flag

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

छत्रं (chatraṁ) - umbrella, parasol

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of chatra

chatra - umbrella, parasol, canopy

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

द्विषतः (dviṣataḥ) - of the enemy, of the hater

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of dviṣat

dviṣat - enemy, hater

Present Active Participle

Derived from the root √dviṣ (to hate) with the śatṛ (present active participle) suffix, used substantively.

Root: dviṣ (class 2)

सः (saḥ) - he, Drauni (he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

न्यकृन्तत (nyakṛntata) - cut down, chopped off

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of √kṛnt

Prefix: ni

Root: kṛnt (class 6)