महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-30, verse-17

तेषु प्रमथ्यमानेषु द्रोणेनाद्भुतकर्मणा ।
पर्यवारयदासाद्य द्रोणं सेनापतिः स्वयम् ॥१७॥

17. teṣu pramathyamāneṣu droṇenādbhutakarmaṇā ,
paryavārayadāsādya droṇaṁ senāpatiḥ svayam.

17. teṣu pramathyamāneṣu droṇena adbhutakarmaṇā
paryavārayat āsādya droṇam senāpatiḥ svayam

17. teṣu pramathyamāneṣu adbhutakarmaṇā droṇena,
senāpatiḥ svayam droṇam āsādya paryavārayat

17. While those [armies] were being crushed by Drona, who performed wonderful deeds, the commander of the army himself, having approached Drona, surrounded him.

Words meanings summery:

• तेषु (teṣu) - Refers to the Pandavas' armies mentioned in the previous verse. (among those, in those)

• प्रमथ्यमानेषु (pramathyamāneṣu) - being crushed, being tormented, being churned

• द्रोणेन (droṇena) - by Drona

• अद्भुतकर्मणा (adbhutakarmaṇā) - by one of wonderful deeds, by one whose deeds are amazing

• पर्यवारयत् (paryavārayat) - surrounded, encircled

• आसाद्य (āsādya) - having approached, having obtained

• द्रोणम् (droṇam) - Drona (accusative)

• सेनापतिः (senāpatiḥ) - Refers to Dhrishtadyumna, the Pandava general. (commander of the army)

• स्वयम् (svayam) - himself, by himself

Words meanings and morphology

तेषु (teṣu) - Refers to the Pandavas' armies mentioned in the previous verse. (among those, in those)

(pronoun)

Locative, neuter, plural of tad

tad - that, those (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Part of locative absolute construction.

प्रमथ्यमानेषु (pramathyamāneṣu) - being crushed, being tormented, being churned

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, plural of pramathyamāna

pramathyamāna - being crushed, being tormented, being churned

Present Passive Participle (śānac)

From pra-math (to churn, crush, torment) with śānac suffix.

Prefix: pra

Root: math (class 1)

Note: Part of locative absolute construction.

द्रोणेन (droṇena) - by Drona

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Drona

Note: Agent of the crushing action.

अद्भुतकर्मणा (adbhutakarmaṇā) - by one of wonderful deeds, by one whose deeds are amazing

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of adbhutakarman

adbhutakarman - one whose deeds are wonderful, performer of amazing feats

Compound of adbhuta (wonderful) and karman (deed).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (adbhuta+karman)

• adbhuta – wonderful, marvelous, amazing
  adjective (neuter)
• karman – deed, action, work
  noun (neuter)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Qualifies droṇena.

पर्यवारयत् (paryavārayat) - surrounded, encircled

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of paryavārayat

Imperfect (Lang)

From pari-ā-vṛ (to encompass, surround). 3rd person singular imperfect active. Causal form.

Prefixes: pari+ā

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Main verb.

आसाद्य (āsādya) - having approached, having obtained

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From ā-sad (to approach, reach).

Prefix: ā

Root: sad (class 1)

Note: Describes an action preceding paryavārayat.

द्रोणम् (droṇam) - Drona (accusative)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Drona

Note: Object of paryavārayat.

सेनापतिः (senāpatiḥ) - Refers to Dhrishtadyumna, the Pandava general. (commander of the army)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of senāpati

senāpati - commander of an army, general

Compound of senā (army) and pati (master, lord).

Compound type : tatpurusha (senā+pati)

• senā – army, host
  noun (feminine)
• pati – master, lord, husband
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

स्वयम् (svayam) - himself, by himself

(indeclinable)

An adverbial form of sva (self).

Note: Emphasizes the subject.