महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-3, verse-23

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तमद्याहं पाण्डवं युद्धशौण्डममृष्यमाणो भवतानुशिष्टः ।
आशीविषं दृष्टिहरं सुघोरमियां पुरस्कृत्य वधं जयं वा ॥२३॥

23. tamadyāhaṁ pāṇḍavaṁ yuddhaśauṇḍa;mamṛṣyamāṇo bhavatānuśiṣṭaḥ ,
āśīviṣaṁ dṛṣṭiharaṁ sughora;miyāṁ puraskṛtya vadhaṁ jayaṁ vā.

23. tam adya aham pāṇḍavam yuddhaśauṇḍam
amṛṣyamāṇaḥ bhavatā anuśiṣṭaḥ
āśīviṣam dṛṣṭiharam sughoram
imām puraskṛtya vadham jayam vā

23. adya bhavatā anuśiṣṭaḥ yuddhaśauṇḍam
tam pāṇḍavam amṛṣyamāṇaḥ
aham imām sughoram dṛṣṭiharam
āśīviṣam puraskṛtya vadham vā jayam

23. Today, instructed by you, I, unable to tolerate that Pāṇḍava, who is so adept in battle, will face either death or victory, confronting this extremely dreadful, sight-stealing venomous snake (Arjuna).

Words meanings summery:

(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)

तम् (tam) - referring to Arjuna (the Pāṇḍava) (him, that)

अद्य (adya) - today, now

अहम् (aham) - The speaker (likely Duryodhana) (I)

पाण्डवम् (pāṇḍavam) - referring to Arjuna (the son of Pāṇḍu, a Pāṇḍava)

युद्धशौण्डम् (yuddhaśauṇḍam) - expert in battle, valorous in war

अमृष्यमाणः (amṛṣyamāṇaḥ) - The speaker's state of mind towards Arjuna (not enduring, unable to tolerate)

भवता (bhavatā) - by the addressee (e.g., Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (by you)

अनुशिष्टः (anuśiṣṭaḥ) - The speaker being advised to fight (instructed, taught, advised)

आशीविषम् (āśīviṣam) - Metaphor for Arjuna (venomous snake, a serpent whose breath is poisonous)

दृष्टिहरम् (dṛṣṭiharam) - Describing the dangerous nature of the 'snake' (Arjuna) (sight-stealing, blinding, enchanting (with evil intent))

सुघोरम् (sughoram) - extremely dreadful, very fierce

इमाम् (imām) - Refers to the 'venomous snake' metaphor (āśīviṣa) as feminine, along with its adjectives. (this (feminine))

पुरस्कृत्य (puraskṛtya) - Confronting or taking on the danger (Arjuna) (having placed before, having made foremost)

वधम् (vadham) - The outcome of the battle for the speaker (death, killing, slaughter)

जयम् (jayam) - The other possible outcome of the battle (victory, conquest)

वा (vā) - or, either

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - referring to Arjuna (the Pāṇḍava) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Masculine accusative singular, referring to the Pāṇḍava.

अद्य (adya) - today, now

(indeclinable)

Adverb of time.

अहम् (aham) - The speaker (likely Duryodhana) (I)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

First person pronoun.

पाण्डवम् (pāṇḍavam) - referring to Arjuna (the son of Pāṇḍu, a Pāṇḍava)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, a Pāṇḍava

Derived from 'Pāṇḍu' (name of a king) with suffix '-a' indicating descendant.

Note: Object of the speaker's intolerance.

युद्धशौण्डम् (yuddhaśauṇḍam) - expert in battle, valorous in war

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yuddhaśauṇḍa

yuddhaśauṇḍa - expert in battle, valorous in war

Compound of 'yuddha' (battle) + 'śauṇḍa' (fond of, devoted to, expert in).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (yuddha+śauṇḍa)

yuddha – battle, fight, war
noun (neuter)
Past Passive Participle
From root 'yudh' (to fight)
Root: yudh (class 4)
śauṇḍa – addicted to, fond of, expert in, drunk
adjective (masculine)

Note: Modifies 'Pāṇḍavam'.

अमृष्यमाणः (amṛṣyamāṇaḥ) - The speaker's state of mind towards Arjuna (not enduring, unable to tolerate)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of amṛṣyamāṇa

amṛṣyamāṇa - not tolerating, not enduring, unable to bear

Present Middle Participle (negative)

From 'a-' (not) + root 'mṛṣ' (to bear, endure) + 'śānac' suffix for middle participle.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+mṛṣyamāṇa)

a – not, non-
indeclinable
Negative prefix
mṛṣyamāṇa – enduring, tolerating
adjective (masculine)
Present Middle Participle
From root 'mṛṣ' (to endure) with 'śānac' suffix
Root: mṛṣ (class 4)

Note: Modifies 'aham'.

भवता (bhavatā) - by the addressee (e.g., Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (by you)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bhavat

bhavat - you (respectful), being, existing

Present Active Participle

From root 'bhū' (to be, exist) with 'śatṛ' suffix, used as a respectful second-person pronoun.

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Agent of 'anuśiṣṭaḥ'.

अनुशिष्टः (anuśiṣṭaḥ) - The speaker being advised to fight (instructed, taught, advised)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anuśiṣṭa

anuśiṣṭa - instructed, taught, advised, commanded

Past Passive Participle

From prefix 'anu-' + root 'śiṣ' (to teach, instruct).

Prefix: anu

Root: śiṣ (class 7)

आशीविषम् (āśīviṣam) - Metaphor for Arjuna (venomous snake, a serpent whose breath is poisonous)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of āśīviṣa

āśīviṣa - venomous snake (literally 'one whose fangs are poison' or 'whose breath is poison')

Compound 'āśis' (fang, blessing) + 'viṣa' (poison).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa or bahuvrīhi (āśis+viṣa)

āśis – fang, blessing, desire
noun (feminine)
viṣa – poison, venom
noun (neuter)

Note: Used in feminine form here, consistent with 'imām'.

दृष्टिहरम् (dṛṣṭiharam) - Describing the dangerous nature of the 'snake' (Arjuna) (sight-stealing, blinding, enchanting (with evil intent))

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of dṛṣṭihara

dṛṣṭihara - stealing sight, enchanting, blinding, causing loss of vision

Compound of 'dṛṣṭi' (sight) + 'hara' (taking away, stealing, captivating). From root 'hṛ' (to take).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dṛṣṭi+hara)

dṛṣṭi – sight, vision, eye, view
noun (feminine)
From root 'dṛś' (to see)
Root: dṛś (class 1)
hara – taking, stealing, carrying, captivating
adjective (masculine)
From root 'hṛ' (to take, carry, steal)
Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'āśīviṣam' (feminine).

सुघोरम् (sughoram) - extremely dreadful, very fierce

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sughora

sughora - extremely dreadful, very fierce, terrible, awful

Compound of 'su-' (very, exceedingly) + 'ghora' (dreadful, terrible).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+ghora)