महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-3, verse-1

संजय उवाच ।
शरतल्पे महात्मानं शयानममितौजसम् ।
महावातसमूहेन समुद्रमिव शोषितम् ॥१॥

1. saṁjaya uvāca ,
śaratalpe mahātmānaṁ śayānamamitaujasam ,
mahāvātasamūhena samudramiva śoṣitam.

1. sañjayaḥ uvāca śarat-talpe mahātmānam śayānam
amitaujasam mahāvātasamūhena samudram iva śoṣitam

1. sañjayaḥ uvāca.
śarat-talpe śayānam amitaujasam mahātmānam,
mahāvātasamūhena śoṣitam samudram iva,
(aham apaśyam).

1. Sañjaya said: "(I saw) the great-souled one (mahātmā), lying on a bed of arrows, of immeasurable energy, like an ocean dried up by a mighty gust of wind."

Words meanings summery:

• सञ्जयः (sañjayaḥ) - Sanjaya

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• शरत्-तल्पे (śarat-talpe) - on the bed of arrows (referring to Bhīṣma's state) (on the bed of arrows)

• महात्मानम् (mahātmānam) - the great-souled one (Bhīṣma) (the great-souled one)

• शयानम् (śayānam) - lying down (on the bed of arrows) (lying down, resting)

• अमितौजसम् (amitaujasam) - of immeasurable energy (Bhīṣma) (of immeasurable strength/energy/splendor)

• महावातसमूहेन (mahāvātasamūhena) - by a mighty gust of wind (by a great multitude of winds, by a mighty gust of wind)

• समुद्रम् (samudram) - the ocean

• इव (iva) - like, as, as it were

• शोषितम् (śoṣitam) - dried up (like an ocean) (dried up, withered)

Words meanings and morphology

सञ्जयः (sañjayaḥ) - Sanjaya

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sañjaya

sañjaya - Sanjaya (proper name)

Note: Subject of uvāca.

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active

From root vac (to speak) with reduplication.

Root: vac (class 2)

शरत्-तल्पे (śarat-talpe) - on the bed of arrows (referring to Bhīṣma's state) (on the bed of arrows)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of śarat-talpa

śarat-talpa - bed of arrows (śara + talpa)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śara+talpa)

• śara – arrow, reed
  noun (masculine)
  Root: śṛ
• talpa – bed, couch, mattress
  noun (masculine)

महात्मानम् (mahātmānam) - the great-souled one (Bhīṣma) (the great-souled one)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble, illustrious, highly spiritual (mahā + ātman)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence (ātman)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of implied verb 'saw'.

शयानम् (śayānam) - lying down (on the bed of arrows) (lying down, resting)

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śayāna

śayāna - lying down, sleeping, resting

Present Middle Participle

From root śī (to lie down).

Root: śī (class 2)

Note: Modifies mahātmānam.

अमितौजसम् (amitaujasam) - of immeasurable energy (Bhīṣma) (of immeasurable strength/energy/splendor)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of amitaujas

amitaujas - having immeasurable strength, energy, or splendor (amita + ojas)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (amita+ojas)

• amita – immeasurable, unlimited
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root mā (to measure) with prefix a (negation)
  Prefix: a
  Root: mā (class 3)
• ojas – strength, vigor, energy, splendor
  noun (neuter)

Note: Modifies mahātmānam.

महावातसमूहेन (mahāvātasamūhena) - by a mighty gust of wind (by a great multitude of winds, by a mighty gust of wind)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mahāvātasamūha

mahāvātasamūha - a great collection of winds, mighty gust of wind (mahā + vāta + samūha)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mahā+vāta+samūha)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• vāta – wind, air
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vā
• samūha – collection, multitude, heap, mass
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: ūh (class 1)

Note: The agent of drying up the ocean in the simile.

समुद्रम् (samudram) - the ocean

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of samudra

samudra - ocean, sea

Prefixes: sam+ud

Root: und

इव (iva) - like, as, as it were

(indeclinable)

शोषितम् (śoṣitam) - dried up (like an ocean) (dried up, withered)

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śoṣita

śoṣita - dried up, desiccated, exhausted

Past Passive Participle

From causal of root śuṣ (to dry up).

Root: śuṣ (class 4)

Note: Modifies samudram.