महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-22, verse-19

कस्य सेनासमुदये गन्धमाल्यसमुद्भवः ।
वाचः प्रदक्षिणाश्चैव योधानामभिगर्जताम् ॥१९॥

19. kasya senāsamudaye gandhamālyasamudbhavaḥ ,
vācaḥ pradakṣiṇāścaiva yodhānāmabhigarjatām.

19. kasya senāsamudaye gandhamālyasamudbhavaḥ |
vācaḥ pradakṣiṇāḥ ca eva yodhānām abhigarjatām

19. kasya senāsamudaye gandhamālyasamudbhavaḥ? ca eva
abhigarjatām yodhānām pradakṣiṇāḥ vācaḥ (abhavan)?

19. Dhṛtarāṣṭra asked: "In whose assembled army was there an abundance of perfumes and garlands? And whose roaring warriors uttered auspicious words?"

Words meanings summery:

• कस्य (kasya) - whose, of whom

• सेनासमुदये (senāsamudaye) - in the gathering of the army, in the assembled army

• गन्धमाल्यसमुद्भवः (gandhamālyasamudbhavaḥ) - the arising/abundance of perfumes and garlands

• वाचः (vācaḥ) - words, speeches

• प्रदक्षिणाः (pradakṣiṇāḥ) - auspicious, propitious, favorable

• च (ca) - and

• एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, even

• योधानाम् (yodhānām) - of the warriors

• अभिगर्जताम् (abhigarjatām) - of those roaring, of the roaring ones

Words meanings and morphology

कस्य (kasya) - whose, of whom

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine/neuter, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

Note: Genitive singular of 'kim' (who/what/which), referring to the owner of the army.

सेनासमुदये (senāsamudaye) - in the gathering of the army, in the assembled army

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of senāsamudaya

senāsamudaya - assembly of an army, multitude of troops

Compound 'senā' (army) + 'samudaya' (assembly/multitude).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (senā+samudaya)

• senā – army, host, forces
  noun (feminine)
• samudaya – collection, assembly, multitude, abundance, origin
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from 'sam-ud-i' (to come together, arise).
  Prefixes: sam+ud
  Root: i (class 2)

गन्धमाल्यसमुद्भवः (gandhamālyasamudbhavaḥ) - the arising/abundance of perfumes and garlands

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gandhamālyasamudbhava

gandhamālyasamudbhava - arising of perfumes and garlands, abundance of perfumes and garlands

Compound: 'gandha-mālya' (perfumes-garlands) + 'samudbhava' (arising).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (gandhamālya+samudbhava)

• gandhamālya – perfumes and garlands
  noun (neuter)
  Dvanda compound 'gandha' (perfume) and 'mālya' (garland).
• samudbhava – arising, origin, abundance, production
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from 'sam-ud-bhū' (to arise, to be born).
  Prefixes: sam+ud
  Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Implies 'is there' or 'was there'.

वाचः (vācaḥ) - words, speeches

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of vāc

vāc - word, speech, voice, utterance

प्रदक्षिणाः (pradakṣiṇāḥ) - auspicious, propitious, favorable

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of pradakṣiṇa

pradakṣiṇa - auspicious, propitious, right-handed, favorable, circumambulating to the right

Derived from 'pra' (forward/intensive) and 'dakṣiṇa' (right/southern).

Note: Agrees with 'vācaḥ'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, even

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes the preceding word 'ca' (and indeed).

योधानाम् (yodhānām) - of the warriors

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of yodha

yodha - warrior, fighter, soldier

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Possessive case, indicating 'words of the warriors'.

अभिगर्जताम् (abhigarjatām) - of those roaring, of the roaring ones

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of abhigarjat

abhigarjat - roaring, shouting

Present Active Participle

Present active participle of 'abhi-garj' (to roar at, to shout).

Prefix: abhi

Root: garj (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'yodhānām'.