महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-22, verse-13

समीक्ष्य सेनाग्रगतं दुरासदं प्रविव्यथुः पङ्कगता इवोष्ट्राः ।
वृकोदरं वारणराजदर्पं योधास्त्वदीया भयविग्नसत्त्वाः ॥१३॥

13. samīkṣya senāgragataṁ durāsadaṁ; pravivyathuḥ paṅkagatā ivoṣṭrāḥ ,
vṛkodaraṁ vāraṇarājadarpaṁ; yodhāstvadīyā bhayavignasattvāḥ.

13. samīkṣya senāgragataṃ durāsadaṃ
pravivyathuḥ paṅkagatāḥ iva
uṣṭrāḥ vṛkodaraṃ vāraṇarājadarpam
yodhāḥ tvadīyāḥ bhayavignasattvāḥ

13. tvadīyāḥ yodhāḥ bhayavignasattvāḥ,
senāgragataṃ durāsadaṃ vāraṇarājadarpam vṛkodaram samīkṣya,
paṅkagatāḥ uṣṭrāḥ iva,
pravivyathuḥ.

13. Your warriors, whose spirits were agitated by fear, trembled intensely, like camels stuck in mud, upon seeing Bhīma, who stood unassailable at the forefront of the army, displaying the pride of a king elephant.

Words meanings summery:

• समीक्ष्य (samīkṣya) - having seen, having observed

• सेनाग्रगतं (senāgragataṁ) - standing at the head of the army, gone to the front of the army

• दुरासदं (durāsadaṁ) - unassailable, difficult to approach

• प्रविव्यथुः (pravivyathuḥ) - they trembled greatly, were greatly distressed

• पङ्कगताः (paṅkagatāḥ) - stuck in mud

• इव (iva) - like, as

• उष्ट्राः (uṣṭrāḥ) - camels

• वृकोदरं (vṛkodaraṁ) - Bhīma, one of the Pāṇḍavas (Bhīma (wolf-bellied))

• वारणराजदर्पम् (vāraṇarājadarpam) - having the pride of a king elephant

• योधाः (yodhāḥ) - warriors, fighters

• त्वदीयाः (tvadīyāḥ) - your, belonging to you

• भयविग्नसत्त्वाः (bhayavignasattvāḥ) - whose minds/beings were agitated by fear

Words meanings and morphology

समीक्ष्य (samīkṣya) - having seen, having observed

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root īkṣ with prefix sam-

Prefix: sam

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

सेनाग्रगतं (senāgragataṁ) - standing at the head of the army, gone to the front of the army

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of senāgragata

senāgragata - gone to the front of the army

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (senā+agra+gata)

• senā – army
  noun (feminine)
• agra – front, tip, top
  noun (neuter)
• gata – gone, reached, obtained
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root gam (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)

दुरासदं (durāsadaṁ) - unassailable, difficult to approach

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of durāsada

durāsada - difficult to approach, unassailable

Prefix: dur

Root: sad (class 1)

प्रविव्यथुः (pravivyathuḥ) - they trembled greatly, were greatly distressed

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past perfect (lit) of vyath

Perfect tense, 3rd plural

From root vyath, with prefix pra

Prefix: pra

Root: vyath (class 1)

पङ्कगताः (paṅkagatāḥ) - stuck in mud

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of paṅkagata

paṅkagata - gone into mud, stuck in mud

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (paṅka+gata)

• paṅka – mud, mire
  noun (masculine)
• gata – gone, reached, obtained
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root gam (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)

इव (iva) - like, as

(indeclinable)

उष्ट्राः (uṣṭrāḥ) - camels

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of uṣṭra

uṣṭra - camel

वृकोदरं (vṛkodaraṁ) - Bhīma, one of the Pāṇḍavas (Bhīma (wolf-bellied))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vṛkodara

vṛkodara - wolf-bellied; a name of Bhīma

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vṛka+udara)

• vṛka – wolf
  noun (masculine)
• udara – belly, abdomen
  noun (neuter)

वारणराजदर्पम् (vāraṇarājadarpam) - having the pride of a king elephant

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vāraṇarājadarpa

vāraṇarājadarpa - the pride of a king elephant

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vāraṇa+rāja+darpa)

• vāraṇa – elephant
  noun (masculine)
• rāja – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• darpa – pride, arrogance, haughtiness
  noun (masculine)

योधाः (yodhāḥ) - warriors, fighters

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yodha

yodha - warrior, fighter

त्वदीयाः (tvadīyāḥ) - your, belonging to you

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tvadīya

tvadīya - your, belonging to you

भयविग्नसत्त्वाः (bhayavignasattvāḥ) - whose minds/beings were agitated by fear

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bhayavignasattva

bhayavignasattva - whose spirit/courage is agitated by fear

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bhaya+vigna+sattva)

• bhaya – fear
  noun (neuter)
• vigna – agitated, disturbed, obstructed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root vij (to tremble, move quickly)
  Root: vij (class 6)
• sattva – being, essence, spirit, courage
  noun (neuter)