महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-86, verse-17

ततो दुर्योधनमिदं धृतराष्ट्रोऽब्रवीद्वचः ।
मैवं वोचः प्रजापाल नैष धर्मः सनातनः ॥१७॥

17. tato duryodhanamidaṁ dhṛtarāṣṭro'bravīdvacaḥ ,
maivaṁ vocaḥ prajāpāla naiṣa dharmaḥ sanātanaḥ.

17. tataḥ duryodhanam idam dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ abravīt vacaḥ
mā evam vocaḥ prajāpāla na eṣaḥ dharmaḥ sanātanaḥ

17. Then Dhritarashtra said this to Duryodhana: 'O protector of the people (prajāpāla), do not speak in this manner; this is not the eternal (sanātana) natural law (dharma).'

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that

• दुर्योधनम् (duryodhanam) - Duryodhana (the eldest son of Dhritarashtra)

• इदम् (idam) - this

• धृतराष्ट्रः (dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ) - Dhritarashtra

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - said, spoke

• वचः (vacaḥ) - word, speech, statement

• मा (mā) - not, do not (prohibition)

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

• वोचः (vocaḥ) - speak, say

• प्रजापाल (prajāpāla) - O protector of subjects/people

• न (na) - not, no

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - this

• धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law, duty, righteousness

• सनातनः (sanātanaḥ) - eternal, everlasting, ancient

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that

(indeclinable)

दुर्योधनम् (duryodhanam) - Duryodhana (the eldest son of Dhritarashtra)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - Duryodhana (name of the eldest Kaurava prince)

Compound type : tatpurusha (dur+yodhana)

• dur – bad, difficult, ill-
  indeclinable
• yodhana – fighting, warrior, battle
  noun (masculine)
  Verbal Noun
  Derived from root yudh
  Root: yudh (class 4)

इदम् (idam) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Agrees with 'vacaḥ'.

धृतराष्ट्रः (dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ) - Dhritarashtra

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhṛtarāṣṭra

dhṛtarāṣṭra - Dhritarashtra (name of the blind king)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (dhṛta+rāṣṭra)

• dhṛta – held, borne, maintained
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root dhṛ
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• rāṣṭra – kingdom, realm, nation
  noun (neuter)

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Root: brū (class 2)

वचः (vacaḥ) - word, speech, statement

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacas

vacas - speech, word, voice, statement

Root: vac (class 2)

मा (mā) - not, do not (prohibition)

(indeclinable)

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

(indeclinable)

वोचः (vocaḥ) - speak, say

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, injunctive (luṅ (Aorist)) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Used with 'mā' for prohibition. Originally 2nd person singular aorist.

प्रजापाल (prajāpāla) - O protector of subjects/people

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of prajāpāla

prajāpāla - protector of subjects/people/creatures, king

Compound type : tatpurusha (prajā+pāla)

• prajā – progeny, offspring, subjects, people
  noun (feminine)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: jan (class 4)
• pāla – protector, guardian
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root pā
  Root: pā (class 2)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

एषः (eṣaḥ) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etas

etas - this (proximate demonstrative pronoun)

धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law, duty, righteousness

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue, custom

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

सनातनः (sanātanaḥ) - eternal, everlasting, ancient

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sanātana

sanātana - eternal, perpetual, ancient, primeval

Note: Agrees with 'dharmaḥ'.