महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-190, verse-15

ततस्ता राजशार्दूल धात्र्यो दाशार्णिकास्तदा ।
जग्मुरार्तिं परां दुःखात्प्रेषयामासुरेव च ॥१५॥

15. tatastā rājaśārdūla dhātryo dāśārṇikāstadā ,
jagmurārtiṁ parāṁ duḥkhātpreṣayāmāsureva ca.

15. tataḥ tāḥ rājaśārdūla dhātryaḥ dāśārṇikāḥ tadā
jagmuḥ ārtim parām duḥkhāt preṣayāmāsuḥ eva ca

15. rājaśārdūla tataḥ tadā tāḥ dāśārṇikāḥ dhātryaḥ
duḥkhāt parām ārtim jagmuḥ ca eva preṣayāmāsuḥ

15. O tiger among kings, then, at that time, those nurses from Daśārṇa experienced great distress due to sorrow and indeed sent (a message/messenger).

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter (then, thereafter, from that, therefore)

• ताः (tāḥ) - those (nurses) (those (feminine plural nominative/accusative))

• राजशार्दूल (rājaśārdūla) - O tiger among kings (vocative, addressing the narrator) (O tiger among kings, O best of kings)

• धात्र्यः (dhātryaḥ) - nurses (nurses, foster-mothers)

• दाशार्णिकाः (dāśārṇikāḥ) - (nurses) from Daśārṇa (a region/kingdom) (women from Daśārṇa, belonging to Daśārṇa)

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• जग्मुः (jagmuḥ) - they experienced (distress) (they went, they attained, they experienced)

• आर्तिम् (ārtim) - distress (distress, pain, suffering, affliction)

• पराम् (parām) - great, extreme (supreme, excellent, great, highest, extreme)

• दुःखात् (duḥkhāt) - due to sorrow (from sorrow, due to sorrow, because of suffering)

• प्रेषयामासुः (preṣayāmāsuḥ) - they sent (a message/messenger) (they sent, they caused to send, they dispatched)

• एव (eva) - indeed, certainly (emphatic) (indeed, certainly, only, just)

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter (then, thereafter, from that, therefore)

(indeclinable)

From pronominal base ta- with -tas suffix

ताः (tāḥ) - those (nurses) (those (feminine plural nominative/accusative))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Agrees with 'dhātryaḥ'. Can also be accusative plural.

राजशार्दूल (rājaśārdūla) - O tiger among kings (vocative, addressing the narrator) (O tiger among kings, O best of kings)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājaśārdūla

rājaśārdūla - tiger among kings, best of kings

Compound type : tatpurusha (rājan+śārdūla)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• śārdūla – tiger
  noun (masculine)

धात्र्यः (dhātryaḥ) - nurses (nurses, foster-mothers)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of dhātrī

dhātrī - nurse, foster-mother

Feminine form of dhātṛ (supporter, creator)

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Subject of 'jagmuḥ' and 'preṣayāmāsuḥ'.

दाशार्णिकाः (dāśārṇikāḥ) - (nurses) from Daśārṇa (a region/kingdom) (women from Daśārṇa, belonging to Daśārṇa)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of dāśārṇikā

dāśārṇikā - woman from Daśārṇa, belonging to Daśārṇa

Derived from Daśārṇa with suffix -ika

Note: Agrees with 'dhātryaḥ'. Can also be accusative plural.

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

From pronominal base ta- with -dā suffix

जग्मुः (jagmuḥ) - they experienced (distress) (they went, they attained, they experienced)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of gam

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Perfect tense form of √gam.

आर्तिम् (ārtim) - distress (distress, pain, suffering, affliction)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of ārti

ārti - distress, pain, suffering, affliction

Note: Direct object of 'jagmuḥ'.

पराम् (parām) - great, extreme (supreme, excellent, great, highest, extreme)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of para

para - supreme, excellent, highest, extreme, other

Note: Qualifies 'ārtim'.

दुःखात् (duḥkhāt) - due to sorrow (from sorrow, due to sorrow, because of suffering)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of duḥkha

duḥkha - sorrow, suffering, pain, unhappiness

Note: Indicates the cause or reason for the distress.

प्रेषयामासुः (preṣayāmāsuḥ) - they sent (a message/messenger) (they sent, they caused to send, they dispatched)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of preṣ

Causative of pra-iṣ (to go forth, to move). Perfect tense formed with the auxiliary ās- (to be).

Prefix: pra

Root: iṣ (class 4)

एव (eva) - indeed, certainly (emphatic) (indeed, certainly, only, just)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes the verb 'preṣayāmāsuḥ'.

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the two clauses: experiencing distress and sending a message.