महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-121, verse-17

पतनारोहणमिदं कथयिष्यन्ति ये नराः ।
विषमाण्यपि ते प्राप्तास्तरिष्यन्ति न संशयः ॥१७॥

17. patanārohaṇamidaṁ kathayiṣyanti ye narāḥ ,
viṣamāṇyapi te prāptāstariṣyanti na saṁśayaḥ.

17. patanārohaṇam idam kathayiṣyanti ye narāḥ
viṣamāṇi api te prāptāḥ tariṣyanti na saṃśayaḥ

17. Those people who will narrate this account of rise and fall, even if they encounter difficulties, will undoubtedly overcome them.

Words meanings summery:

• पतनारोहणम् (patanārohaṇam) - this account of rise and fall (fall and rise, descent and ascent)

• इदम् (idam) - refers to the story or account (this, this one)

• कथयिष्यन्ति (kathayiṣyanti) - they will narrate, they will tell

• ये (ye) - who, those who

• नराः (narāḥ) - people, men

• विषमाणि (viṣamāṇi) - difficulties (difficulties, uneven places, adverse situations)

• अपि (api) - even, also

• ते (te) - refers to 'ye narāḥ' (they, those)

• प्राप्ताः (prāptāḥ) - even if they encounter (having attained, having reached, obtained)

• तरिष्यन्ति (tariṣyanti) - they will cross over, they will overcome

• न (na) - not, no

• संशयः (saṁśayaḥ) - without a doubt (doubt, uncertainty)

Words meanings and morphology

पतनारोहणम् (patanārohaṇam) - this account of rise and fall (fall and rise, descent and ascent)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of patanārohaṇa

patanārohaṇa - descent and ascent, fall and rise

Dvanda compound of 'patana' (falling) and 'ārohaṇa' (ascending).

Compound type : dvandva (patana+ārohaṇa)

• patana – falling, descending, fall
  noun (neuter)
  nominalization
  Derived from root 'pat' (to fall).
  Root: pat (class 1)
• ārohaṇa – ascending, rising, ascent
  noun (neuter)
  nominalization
  Derived from root 'ruh' (to rise) with prefix 'ā'.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: ruh (class 1)

Note: Object of 'kathayiṣyanti'.

इदम् (idam) - refers to the story or account (this, this one)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Agrees with 'patanārohaṇam'.

कथयिष्यन्ति (kathayiṣyanti) - they will narrate, they will tell

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, future (lṛṭ) of kath

future active

3rd person plural, parasmaipada. Derived from denominative stem 'kathaya-'.

Root: kath (class 10)

Note: Subject is 'ye narāḥ'.

ये (ye) - who, those who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yat

yat - who, which, what, that

Note: Agrees with 'narāḥ'.

नराः (narāḥ) - people, men

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nara

nara - man, human, person

Note: Subject of 'kathayiṣyanti'.

विषमाणि (viṣamāṇi) - difficulties (difficulties, uneven places, adverse situations)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, plural of viṣama

viṣama - uneven, difficult, adverse, dangerous

Note: Object of 'prāptāḥ' (implied).

अपि (api) - even, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

ते (te) - refers to 'ye narāḥ' (they, those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Correlative pronoun to 'ye'.

प्राप्ताः (prāptāḥ) - even if they encounter (having attained, having reached, obtained)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of prāpta

prāpta - attained, reached, obtained, met with, incurred

Past Passive Participle

From 'pra-āp' (to reach, obtain).

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Adverbial use.

तरिष्यन्ति (tariṣyanti) - they will cross over, they will overcome

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, future (lṛṭ) of tṛ

future active

3rd person plural, parasmaipada.

Root: tṛ (class 1)

Note: Subject is 'te'.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

संशयः (saṁśayaḥ) - without a doubt (doubt, uncertainty)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃśaya

saṁśaya - doubt, uncertainty, hesitation

From 'sam-śī' (to doubt).

Prefix: sam

Root: śī (class 2)