महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-121, verse-13

पितामह उवाच ।
बहुवर्षसहस्रान्तं प्रजापालनवर्धितम् ।
अनेकक्रतुदानौघैर्यत्त्वयोपार्जितं फलम् ॥१३॥

13. pitāmaha uvāca ,
bahuvarṣasahasrāntaṁ prajāpālanavardhitam ,
anekakratudānaughairyattvayopārjitaṁ phalam.

13. pitāmahaḥ uvāca bahūvarṣasahasrāntam prajāpālanavardhitam
anekakratudānaughaiḥ yat tvayā upārjitam phalam

13. pitāmahaḥ uvāca yat phalam tvayā upārjitam
bahūvarṣasahasrāntam prajāpālanavardhitam anekakratudānaughaiḥ

13. The Grandfather said: 'That reward (phalam) which has been acquired by you, lasting for many thousands of years and enhanced by the protection of subjects, through numerous Vedic rituals (yajñas) and a multitude of charitable gifts (dāna)...'

Words meanings summery:

• पितामहः (pitāmahaḥ) - The Grandfather (referring to Brahmā or a venerable ancestor) (grandfather, creator, Brahmā)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

• बहूवर्षसहस्रान्तम् (bahūvarṣasahasrāntam) - lasting for many thousands of years

• प्रजापालनवर्धितम् (prajāpālanavardhitam) - enhanced by the protection of subjects (increased/enhanced by the protection of subjects)

• अनेकक्रतुदानौघैः (anekakratudānaughaiḥ) - through numerous Vedic rituals (yajñas) and a multitude of charitable gifts (dāna) (by multitudes of many Vedic rituals and gifts)

• यत् (yat) - which (which, what, that)

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you

• उपार्जितम् (upārjitam) - acquired (earned, acquired, obtained)

• फलम् (phalam) - reward (fruit/merit) (fruit, result, reward)

Words meanings and morphology

पितामहः (pitāmahaḥ) - The Grandfather (referring to Brahmā or a venerable ancestor) (grandfather, creator, Brahmā)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pitāmaha

pitāmaha - grandfather, great father, creator (Brahmā)

Note: Subject of 'uvāca'.

उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, Perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Perfect tense (reduplicated past).

बहूवर्षसहस्रान्तम् (bahūvarṣasahasrāntam) - lasting for many thousands of years

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bahūvarṣasahasrānta

bahūvarṣasahasrānta - ending in many thousands of years, lasting many thousands of years

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bahu+varṣa+sahasra+anta)

• bahu – many, much
  adjective (masculine)
• varṣa – year
  noun (neuter)
• sahasra – thousand
  noun (neuter)
• anta – end, limit, boundary
  noun (masculine)

Note: Adjective modifying 'phalam'.

प्रजापालनवर्धितम् (prajāpālanavardhitam) - enhanced by the protection of subjects (increased/enhanced by the protection of subjects)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of prajāpālanavardhita

prajāpālanavardhita - increased/enhanced by the protection of subjects

Past Passive Participle (compound)

Compound: prajāpālana (protection of subjects) + vardhita (increased)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (prajāpālana+vardhita)

• prajāpālana – protection of subjects/people
  noun (neuter)
  Compound: prajā (subjects) + pālana (protection)
• vardhita – increased, grown, augmented
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root √vṛdh (to grow, increase)
  Root: vṛdh (class 1)

Note: Adjective modifying 'phalam'.

अनेकक्रतुदानौघैः (anekakratudānaughaiḥ) - through numerous Vedic rituals (yajñas) and a multitude of charitable gifts (dāna) (by multitudes of many Vedic rituals and gifts)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of anekakratudānaugha

anekakratudānaugha - a multitude of many Vedic rituals and gifts

Compound: aneka (many) + kratu (Vedic ritual) + dāna (gift) + ogha (multitude)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (aneka+kratu+dāna+ogha)

• aneka – many, not one, numerous
  adjective (masculine)
  Compound of 'an' (negative) and 'eka' (one)
• kratu – Vedic ritual (yajña), sacrifice
  noun (masculine)
• dāna – gift, giving, donation, charity (dāna)
  noun (neuter)
  From root √dā (to give)
  Root: dā (class 3)
• ogha – multitude, flood, heap
  noun (masculine)

Note: Indicates means or agency for 'upārjitam'.

यत् (yat) - which (which, what, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that

Note: Relative pronoun referring to 'phalam'.

त्वया (tvayā) - by you

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Agent of the passive participle 'upārjitam'.

उपार्जितम् (upārjitam) - acquired (earned, acquired, obtained)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of upārjita

upārjita - earned, acquired, gained, obtained

Past Passive Participle

From 'upa' + √ṛj (to procure, acquire)

Prefix: upa

Root: ṛj (class 1)

Note: Past Passive Participle functioning adjectivally, modifying 'phalam'.

फलम् (phalam) - reward (fruit/merit) (fruit, result, reward)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of phala

phala - fruit, result, consequence, reward, effect

Note: Subject of the relative clause.