महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-121, verse-21

ददाति यत्पार्थिव यत्करोति यद्वा तपस्तप्यति यज्जुहोति ।
न तस्य नाशोऽस्ति न चापकर्षो नान्यस्तदश्नाति स एव कर्ता ॥२१॥

21. dadāti yatpārthiva yatkaroti; yadvā tapastapyati yajjuhoti ,
na tasya nāśo'sti na cāpakarṣo; nānyastadaśnāti sa eva kartā.

21. dadāti yat pārthiva yat karoti yat
vā tapaḥ tapyati yat juhoti na
tasya nāśaḥ asti na ca apakarṣaḥ
na anyaḥ tat aśnāti saḥ eva kartā

21. Whatever a person gives, O king, whatever he does, or whatever austerity (tapas) he performs, whatever he offers (in a yajña), there is no destruction of that (action's fruit), nor is there any diminution. No one else enjoys that; he himself is the doer.

Words meanings summery:

• ददाति (dadāti) - gives (gives, bestows)

• यत् (yat) - whatever (which, what, whatever)

• पार्थिव (pārthiva) - O king (O king, O prince)

• यत् (yat) - whatever (which, what, whatever)

• करोति (karoti) - does (does, performs, makes)

• यत् (yat) - whatever (which, what, whatever)

• वा (vā) - or (or, either, on the other hand)

• तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity (tapas) (austerity (tapas), heat, penance)

• तप्यति (tapyati) - performs (austerity) (performs (austerity), suffers, is hot)

• यत् (yat) - whatever (which, what, whatever)

• जुहोति (juhoti) - offers (in a yajña) (offers (in yajña), sacrifices)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• तस्य (tasya) - of that (action's fruit) (of that, his)

• नाशः (nāśaḥ) - destruction (destruction, loss, ruin)

• अस्ति (asti) - is (is, exists)

• न (na) - nor (not, no)

• च (ca) - nor (and, also)

• अपकर्षः (apakarṣaḥ) - diminution (diminution, deterioration, degradation)

• न (na) - no (not, no)

• अन्यः (anyaḥ) - no one else (another, other)

• तत् (tat) - that (fruit) (that, it)

• अश्नाति (aśnāti) - enjoys (eats, consumes, enjoys, obtains)

• सः (saḥ) - he himself (he, that one)

• एव (eva) - himself (only, just, indeed)

• कर्ता (kartā) - the doer (doer, maker, creator)

Words meanings and morphology

ददाति (dadāti) - gives (gives, bestows)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of dā

Present Active

Derived from root √dā

Root: dā (class 3)

यत् (yat) - whatever (which, what, whatever)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, whoever, whatever

पार्थिव (pārthiva) - O king (O king, O prince)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pārthiva

pārthiva - king, prince, ruler, earthly

यत् (yat) - whatever (which, what, whatever)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, whoever, whatever

करोति (karoti) - does (does, performs, makes)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of kṛ

Present Active

Derived from root √kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

यत् (yat) - whatever (which, what, whatever)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, whoever, whatever

वा (vā) - or (or, either, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity (tapas) (austerity (tapas), heat, penance)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - heat, warmth, pain, penance, austerity (tapas)

तप्यति (tapyati) - performs (austerity) (performs (austerity), suffers, is hot)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of tap

Present Active

Derived from root √tap

Root: tap (class 4)

यत् (yat) - whatever (which, what, whatever)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, whoever, whatever

जुहोति (juhoti) - offers (in a yajña) (offers (in yajña), sacrifices)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of hu

Present Active

Derived from root √hu

Root: hu (class 3)

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

तस्य (tasya) - of that (action's fruit) (of that, his)

(pronoun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, that one

नाशः (nāśaḥ) - destruction (destruction, loss, ruin)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nāśa

nāśa - destruction, loss, disappearance, ruin

अस्ति (asti) - is (is, exists)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present Active

Derived from root √as

Root: as (class 2)

न (na) - nor (not, no)

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - nor (and, also)

(indeclinable)

अपकर्षः (apakarṣaḥ) - diminution (diminution, deterioration, degradation)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of apakarṣa

apakarṣa - drawing away, diminution, degradation, inferiority

Derived from apa-√kṛṣ

Prefix: apa

Root: kṛṣ (class 1)

न (na) - no (not, no)

(indeclinable)

अन्यः (anyaḥ) - no one else (another, other)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anya

anya - other, another, different

तत् (tat) - that (fruit) (that, it)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, that one

अश्नाति (aśnāti) - enjoys (eats, consumes, enjoys, obtains)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of aś

Present Active

Derived from root √aś

Root: aś (class 9)

सः (saḥ) - he himself (he, that one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, that one

एव (eva) - himself (only, just, indeed)

(indeclinable)

कर्ता (kartā) - the doer (doer, maker, creator)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kartṛ

kartṛ - doer, maker, agent, creator

Agent noun from √kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)