महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-114, verse-21

माधवी च पुनर्दीप्तां परित्यज्य नृपश्रियम् ।
कुमारी कामतो भूत्वा गालवं पृष्ठतोऽन्वगात् ॥२१॥

21. mādhavī ca punardīptāṁ parityajya nṛpaśriyam ,
kumārī kāmato bhūtvā gālavaṁ pṛṣṭhato'nvagāt.

21. mādhavī ca punaḥ dīptām parityajya nṛpaśriyam
kumārī kāmatas bhūtvā gālavam pṛṣṭhataḥ anvagāt

21. And Mādhavī, having again abandoned the brilliant royal splendor, and having willingly become a maiden, followed Gālava from behind.

Words meanings summery:

• माधवी (mādhavī) - Mādhavī (proper noun)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again (again, back, further)

• दीप्ताम् (dīptām) - glorious, brilliant (brilliant, shining, splendid)

• परित्यज्य (parityajya) - having abandoned, having given up

• नृपश्रियम् (nṛpaśriyam) - royal splendor (royal splendor, prosperity of a king)

• कुमारी (kumārī) - a maiden (again) (maiden, virgin, young woman)

• कामतस् (kāmatas) - willingly (willingly, intentionally, out of desire)

• भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having become, having been

• गालवम् (gālavam) - Gālava (proper noun)

• पृष्ठतः (pṛṣṭhataḥ) - from behind (from behind, from the back)

• अन्वगात् (anvagāt) - followed (he/she followed, went after)

Words meanings and morphology

माधवी (mādhavī) - Mādhavī (proper noun)

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of mādhavī

mādhavī - Mādhavī (name of a princess)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

पुनः (punaḥ) - again (again, back, further)

(indeclinable)

दीप्ताम् (dīptām) - glorious, brilliant (brilliant, shining, splendid)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of dīpta

dīpta - shining, brilliant, splendid, inflamed

Past Passive Participle

From root dīp (to shine) + kta (pp. suffix)

Root: dīp (class 4)

Note: Agrees with nṛpaśriyam.

परित्यज्य (parityajya) - having abandoned, having given up

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Root tyaj (1st class) + lyp (absolutive suffix for verbs with upasargas)

Prefix: pari

Root: tyaj (class 1)

नृपश्रियम् (nṛpaśriyam) - royal splendor (royal splendor, prosperity of a king)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of nṛpaśrī

nṛpaśrī - royal splendor, glory of kings

Compound type : tatpurusha (nṛpa+śrī)

• nṛpa – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• śrī – splendor, glory, prosperity, wealth
  noun (feminine)

Note: Object of parityajya.

कुमारी (kumārī) - a maiden (again) (maiden, virgin, young woman)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kumārī

kumārī - girl, maiden, princess

Feminine of kumāra.

कामतस् (kāmatas) - willingly (willingly, intentionally, out of desire)

(indeclinable)

From kāma + tasil suffix.

Note: Adverb modifying bhūtvā.

भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having become, having been

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Root bhū (1st class) + ktvā suffix.

Root: bhū (class 1)

गालवम् (gālavam) - Gālava (proper noun)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of gālava

gālava - Gālava (name of a sage)

पृष्ठतः (pṛṣṭhataḥ) - from behind (from behind, from the back)

(indeclinable)

From pṛṣṭha (back) + tasil suffix.

अन्वगात् (anvagāt) - followed (he/she followed, went after)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of anu-gam

Imperfect (Laṅ)

Root gam (1st class) + Imperfect ending with augment 'a' and upasarga.

Prefix: anu

Root: gam (class 1)