महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-114, verse-18

अथ काले पुनर्धीमान्गालवः प्रत्युपस्थितः ।
उपसंगम्य चोवाच हर्यश्वं प्रीतिमानसम् ॥१८॥

18. atha kāle punardhīmāngālavaḥ pratyupasthitaḥ ,
upasaṁgamya covāca haryaśvaṁ prītimānasam.

18. atha kāle punaḥ dhīmān gālavaḥ pratyupasthitaḥ
upasaṅgamya ca uvāca haryaśvam prītimānasam

18. Then, at the appointed time, the intelligent Gālava again presented himself. And having approached Haryaśva, who was pleased in mind, he spoke.

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - then, now, thereupon

• काले (kāle) - at the time, at the appointed time

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, once more

• धीमान् (dhīmān) - intelligent, wise, discerning

• गालवः (gālavaḥ) - Gālava (proper noun)

• प्रत्युपस्थितः (pratyupasthitaḥ) - presented himself, appeared, stood before

• उपसङ्गम्य (upasaṅgamya) - having approached, having come near

• च (ca) - and

• उवाच (uvāca) - he spoke, he said

• हर्यश्वम् (haryaśvam) - King Haryaśva (Haryaśva)

• प्रीतिमानसम् (prītimānasam) - whose mind was pleased, with a pleased mind

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - then, now, thereupon

(indeclinable)

Note: Marks a new stage in the narrative.

काले (kāle) - at the time, at the appointed time

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, proper time, suitable season

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, once more

(indeclinable)

Note: Refers to Gālava's return.

धीमान् (dhīmān) - intelligent, wise, discerning

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhīmat

dhīmat - intelligent, wise, clever, discerning

suffix -mat

Note: Modifies Gālavaḥ.

गालवः (gālavaḥ) - Gālava (proper noun)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gālava

gālava - Gālava (name of a sage)

Note: Subject of pratyupasthitaḥ.

प्रत्युपस्थितः (pratyupasthitaḥ) - presented himself, appeared, stood before

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pratyupasthita

pratyupasthita - present, appeared, stood before

Past Passive Participle

from prati-upa-√sthā + Kṛt suffix -ta

Prefixes: prati+upa

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Functions as a finite verb in this context.

उपसङ्गम्य (upasaṅgamya) - having approached, having come near

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

suffix -ya after upasargas

Prefixes: upa+sam

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Absolutive form with upa-sam-√gam.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

उवाच (uvāca) - he spoke, he said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

हर्यश्वम् (haryaśvam) - King Haryaśva (Haryaśva)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of haryaśva

haryaśva - Haryaśva (proper noun)

Note: Object of uvāca.

प्रीतिमानसम् (prītimānasam) - whose mind was pleased, with a pleased mind

(compound)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (prīti+mānasa)

• prīti – pleasure, joy, affection
  noun (feminine)
• mānasa – mind, mental
  noun (neuter)

Note: Adjective modifying Haryaśvam.