महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-110, verse-4

नारद उवाच ।
तमाह विनतासूनुरारोहस्वेति वै द्विजम् ।
आरुरोहाथ स मुनिर्गरुडं गालवस्तदा ॥४॥

4. nārada uvāca ,
tamāha vinatāsūnurārohasveti vai dvijam ,
ārurohātha sa munirgaruḍaṁ gālavastadā.

4. nārada uvāca tam āha vinatāsūnuḥ ārohasva iti vai
dvijam āruroha atha sa muniḥ garuḍam gālavaḥ tadā

4. Nārada said, "The son of Vinatā (Garuda) indeed said to that twice-born (Gālava), 'Ascend!' Then, at that time, that sage Gālava ascended onto Garuda."

Words meanings summery:

• नारद (nārada) - Nārada (a divine sage's name)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• तम् (tam) - Referring to Gālava. (to him, that (masculine, accusative))

• आह (āha) - said, spoke

• विनतासूनुः (vinatāsūnuḥ) - Garuda, as Vinatā is his mother (the son of Vinatā, Garuda)

• आरोहस्व (ārohasva) - ascend, climb up

• इति (iti) - thus, so (quotation marker)

• वै (vai) - indeed, certainly

• द्विजम् (dvijam) - to Gālava, as he is a Brahmin. (to the twice-born (a Brahmin, Gālava))

• आरुरोह (āruroha) - ascended, climbed

• अथ (atha) - then, thereupon

• स (sa) - Refers to 'muniḥ' and 'gālavaḥ'. (that, he (masculine, nominative))

• मुनिः (muniḥ) - Gālava (sage, ascetic)

• गरुडम् (garuḍam) - onto Garuda

• गालवः (gālavaḥ) - Gālava

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

Words meanings and morphology

नारद (nārada) - Nārada (a divine sage's name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nārada

nārada - name of a divine sage

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect past (liṭ) of vac

perfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice

Root: vac (class 2)

तम् (tam) - Referring to Gālava. (to him, that (masculine, accusative))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Object of 'āha'.

आह (āha) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect past (liṭ) of ah

perfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice

Root: ah (class 2)

विनतासूनुः (vinatāsūnuḥ) - Garuda, as Vinatā is his mother (the son of Vinatā, Garuda)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vinatāsūnu

vinatāsūnu - son of Vinatā (epithet of Garuda)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vinatā+sūnu)

• vinatā – name of Garuda's mother
  proper noun (feminine)
• sūnu – son
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of 'āha'.

आरोहस्व (ārohasva) - ascend, climb up

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of ruh

imperative, 2nd person singular, middle voice

Prefix: ā

Root: ruh (class 1)

Note: The form -sva is for middle voice imperative 2nd singular.

इति (iti) - thus, so (quotation marker)

(indeclinable)

Note: Marks the end of a quotation.

वै (vai) - indeed, certainly

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

द्विजम् (dvijam) - to Gālava, as he is a Brahmin. (to the twice-born (a Brahmin, Gālava))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dvija

dvija - twice-born (Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaishya); bird; tooth

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dvi+ja)

• dvi – two
  numeral
• ja – born, produced from
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Object of 'āha'.

आरुरोह (āruroha) - ascended, climbed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect past (liṭ) of ruh

perfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice

Prefix: ā

Root: ruh (class 1)

अथ (atha) - then, thereupon

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction/adverb.

स (sa) - Refers to 'muniḥ' and 'gālavaḥ'. (that, he (masculine, nominative))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Nominative singular masculine form for 'tad'.

मुनिः (muniḥ) - Gālava (sage, ascetic)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of muni

muni - sage, ascetic, seer

Note: Subject.

गरुडम् (garuḍam) - onto Garuda

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of garuḍa

garuḍa - Garuda (mythical bird, vehicle of Vishnu)

Note: Object of 'āruroha', indicating the destination of ascending.

गालवः (gālavaḥ) - Gālava

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gālava

gālava - name of a sage

Note: Subject of 'āruroha'.

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb of time.