महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-110, verse-21

किमहं पूर्वमेवेह भवता नाभिचोदितः ।
उपायोऽत्र महानस्ति येनैतदुपपद्यते ॥२१॥

21. kimahaṁ pūrvameveha bhavatā nābhicoditaḥ ,
upāyo'tra mahānasti yenaitadupapadyate.

21. kim aham pūrvam eva iha bhavatā na abhicoditaḥ
upāyaḥ atra mahān asti yena etat upapadyate

21. Why was I not urged by you about this before, right here? There is a great method available here by which this can be accomplished.

Words meanings summery:

• किम् (kim) - what, why, how

• अहम् (aham) - I

• पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - before, previously, formerly

• एव (eva) - indeed, just, only, certainly

• इह (iha) - here, in this world, in this matter

• भवता (bhavatā) - by you, by your honor

• न (na) - not, no

• अभिचोदितः (abhicoditaḥ) - urged, instigated, impelled

• उपायः (upāyaḥ) - means, method, expedient

• अत्र (atra) - here, in this matter, on this occasion

• महान् (mahān) - great, large, important

• अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

• येन (yena) - by which, through which

• एतत् (etat) - this, this one

• उपपद्यते (upapadyate) - is accomplished, becomes suitable, results

Words meanings and morphology

किम् (kim) - what, why, how

(indeclinable)

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

First person pronoun

पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - before, previously, formerly

(indeclinable)

Note: Used as an adverb here.

एव (eva) - indeed, just, only, certainly

(indeclinable)

इह (iha) - here, in this world, in this matter

(indeclinable)

भवता (bhavatā) - by you, by your honor

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bhavant

bhavant - you, your honor, being, existing

present active participle

Present participle of √bhū, declined in instrumental singular.

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Used respectfully for 'you'.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अभिचोदितः (abhicoditaḥ) - urged, instigated, impelled

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of abhicodita

abhicodita - urged, impelled, instigated

Past Passive Participle

Derived from abhi + √cud (class 10), meaning 'to urge, incite', with -ita suffix.

Prefix: abhi

Root: cud (class 10)

Note: Qualifies 'aham'.

उपायः (upāyaḥ) - means, method, expedient

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of upāya

upāya - means, method, expedient, approach

Derived from upa + √i (to go)

Prefix: upa

Root: i (class 2)

अत्र (atra) - here, in this matter, on this occasion

(indeclinable)

महान् (mahān) - great, large, important

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, vast, eminent

Note: Qualifies 'upāyaḥ'.

अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

येन (yena) - by which, through which

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of yat

yat - which, who, what

Note: Relates to 'upāyaḥ'.

एतत् (etat) - this, this one

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

Note: Refers to 'this [thing]' being accomplished.

उपपद्यते (upapadyate) - is accomplished, becomes suitable, results

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of upa-√pad

Derived from upa + √pad (class 4), 'to go, fall, obtain'. Middle voice.

Prefix: upa

Root: pad (class 4)