महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-50, verse-14

एष द्रोणस्य शिष्याणां शीघ्रास्त्रः प्रथमो मतः ।
एतस्य दर्शयिष्यामि शीघ्रास्त्रं विपुलं शरैः ॥१४॥

14. eṣa droṇasya śiṣyāṇāṁ śīghrāstraḥ prathamo mataḥ ,
etasya darśayiṣyāmi śīghrāstraṁ vipulaṁ śaraiḥ.

14. eṣaḥ droṇasya śiṣyāṇām śīghrāstraḥ prathamaḥ mataḥ
etasya darśayiṣyāmi śīghrāstram vipulam śaraiḥ

14. He is considered the foremost among Droṇa's disciples in the swift use of weapons. I will demonstrate my vast skill in swift archery to him with my arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - this one, he

• द्रोणस्य (droṇasya) - of Droṇa

• शिष्याणाम् (śiṣyāṇām) - of the disciples, among the disciples

• शीघ्रास्त्रः (śīghrāstraḥ) - swift with weapons, skilled in swift use of weapons

• प्रथमः (prathamaḥ) - first, foremost

• मतः (mataḥ) - considered, regarded, thought

• एतस्य (etasya) - to him, of this one

• दर्शयिष्यामि (darśayiṣyāmi) - I shall show

• शीघ्रास्त्रम् (śīghrāstram) - swift use of weapons, swift archery

• विपुलम् (vipulam) - vast, extensive, great

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

Words meanings and morphology

एषः (eṣaḥ) - this one, he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of eṣa

eṣa - this, he

Note: Refers to Karṇa.

द्रोणस्य (droṇasya) - of Droṇa

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Droṇa (name of a preceptor)

शिष्याणाम् (śiṣyāṇām) - of the disciples, among the disciples

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of śiṣya

śiṣya - disciple, student

Root: śās (class 2)

शीघ्रास्त्रः (śīghrāstraḥ) - swift with weapons, skilled in swift use of weapons

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śīghrāstra

śīghrāstra - swift-weaponed, skilled in swift use of weapons

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (śīghra+astra)

• śīghra – swift, quick, speedy
  adjective (neuter)
• astra – weapon, missile
  noun (neuter)

Note: Refers to Karṇa.

प्रथमः (prathamaḥ) - first, foremost

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prathama

prathama - first, foremost, principal

Note: Qualifies 'eṣaḥ'.

मतः (mataḥ) - considered, regarded, thought

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mata

mata - thought, considered, regarded, opinion

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of root man (to think, believe)

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Modifies 'eṣaḥ'.

एतस्य (etasya) - to him, of this one

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of etat

etat - this, that

Note: Used here with a dative sense 'to him' due to the verb 'darśayiṣyāmi' (I shall show).

दर्शयिष्यामि (darśayiṣyāmi) - I shall show

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of darśay

Causative

Causative of root dṛś (to see)

Root: dṛś (class 1)

शीघ्रास्त्रम् (śīghrāstram) - swift use of weapons, swift archery

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śīghrāstra

śīghrāstra - swift-weaponed, swift use of weapons

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (śīghra+astra)

• śīghra – swift, quick, speedy
  adjective (neuter)
• astra – weapon, missile
  noun (neuter)

विपुलम् (vipulam) - vast, extensive, great

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vipula

vipula - extensive, vast, broad, great

Note: Qualifies 'śīghrāstram'.

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow

Note: Indicates the means by which the skill is demonstrated.