महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-50, verse-4

अर्जुन उवाच ।
लोहिताक्षमरिष्टं यं वैयाघ्रमनुपश्यसि ।
नीलां पताकामाश्रित्य रथे तिष्ठन्तमुत्तर ॥४॥

4. arjuna uvāca ,
lohitākṣamariṣṭaṁ yaṁ vaiyāghramanupaśyasi ,
nīlāṁ patākāmāśritya rathe tiṣṭhantamuttara.

4. arjuna uvāca lohitākṣam ariṣṭam yam vaiyāghram
anupaśyasi nīlām patākām āśritya rathe tiṣṭhantam uttara

4. Arjuna said: "O Uttara, you see that red-eyed, uninjured warrior, who is wearing a tiger-skin and standing in his chariot with a blue banner."

Words meanings summery:

• अर्जुन (arjuna) - Arjuna

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• लोहिताक्षम् (lohitākṣam) - the warrior who is red-eyed (red-eyed)

• अरिष्टम् (ariṣṭam) - the warrior who is unharmed (unharmed, safe, secure, auspicious)

• यम् (yam) - the warrior whom (you see) (whom)

• वैयाघ्रम् (vaiyāghram) - the warrior wearing a tiger-skin (tiger-like, made of tiger-skin)

• अनुपश्यसि (anupaśyasi) - you see, you observe

• नीलाम् (nīlām) - a blue (banner) (blue)

• पताकाम् (patākām) - banner, flag

• आश्रित्य (āśritya) - holding (the banner) (having resorted to, having taken refuge in, holding)

• रथे (rathe) - in the chariot

• तिष्ठन्तम् (tiṣṭhantam) - the warrior standing (in the chariot) (standing, remaining)

• उत्तर (uttara) - O Uttara

Words meanings and morphology

अर्जुन (arjuna) - Arjuna

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of arjuna

arjuna - Arjuna (a proper name, the third Pāṇḍava brother)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

लोहिताक्षम् (lohitākṣam) - the warrior who is red-eyed (red-eyed)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of lohitākṣa

lohitākṣa - red-eyed

Bahuvrīhi compound: lohita (red) + akṣi (eye).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (lohita+akṣi)

• lohita – red, reddish
  adjective (masculine)
• akṣi – eye
  noun (neuter)

अरिष्टम् (ariṣṭam) - the warrior who is unharmed (unharmed, safe, secure, auspicious)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ariṣṭa

ariṣṭa - unharmed, safe, secure, propitious; also misfortune, calamity (as noun)

Negative particle 'a-' + 'riṣṭa' (injured).

यम् (yam) - the warrior whom (you see) (whom)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what, whom

वैयाघ्रम् (vaiyāghram) - the warrior wearing a tiger-skin (tiger-like, made of tiger-skin)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vaiyāghra

vaiyāghra - relating to a tiger, tiger-like, made of tiger-skin

Taddhita derivation from 'vyāghra' (tiger).

अनुपश्यसि (anupaśyasi) - you see, you observe

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of dṛś

Root 'dṛś' (present stem 'paśya') with prefix 'anu-' (after, along).

Prefix: anu

Root: dṛś (class 1)

नीलाम् (nīlām) - a blue (banner) (blue)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of nīlā

nīlā - blue, dark blue

पताकाम् (patākām) - banner, flag

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of patākā

patākā - banner, flag, standard

आश्रित्य (āśritya) - holding (the banner) (having resorted to, having taken refuge in, holding)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from the root 'śri' (to resort to, lean on) with the prefix 'ā-' (towards).

Prefix: ā

Root: śri (class 1)

रथे (rathe) - in the chariot

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot, car

तिष्ठन्तम् (tiṣṭhantam) - the warrior standing (in the chariot) (standing, remaining)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tiṣṭhat

tiṣṭhat - standing, remaining, existing

Present Active Participle

Derived from the root 'sthā' (to stand).

Root: sthā (class 1)

उत्तर (uttara) - O Uttara

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of uttara

uttara - Uttara (a proper name, son of King Virāṭa); north; later, higher