महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-50, verse-19

महतो रथवंशस्य नानाध्वजपताकिनः ।
बलाहकाग्रे सूर्यो वा य एष प्रमुखे स्थितः ॥१९॥

19. mahato rathavaṁśasya nānādhvajapatākinaḥ ,
balāhakāgre sūryo vā ya eṣa pramukhe sthitaḥ.

19. mahataḥ ratha-vaṃśasya nānā-dhvaja-patākinaḥ
balāhaka-agre sūryaḥ vā yaḥ eṣaḥ pramukhe sthitaḥ

19. This very person who stands prominently, like the sun at the forefront of the clouds, amidst a great multitude of chariots adorned with various banners and flags...

Words meanings summery:

• महतः (mahataḥ) - of the great, of the large, of the mighty

• रथ-वंशस्य (ratha-vaṁśasya) - of the multitude of chariots, of the array of chariots

• नाना-ध्वज-पताकिनः (nānā-dhvaja-patākinaḥ) - of the one having various banners and flags; adorned with diverse banners and standards

• बलाहक-अग्रे (balāhaka-agre) - at the front of the clouds; at the cloud-front

• सूर्यः (sūryaḥ) - sun

• वा (vā) - as, like (in comparison) (or, like, as, as if)

• यः (yaḥ) - who, which

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - this, this one

• प्रमुखे (pramukhe) - in the front, at the head, prominently

• स्थितः (sthitaḥ) - standing, situated, placed, present

Words meanings and morphology

महतः (mahataḥ) - of the great, of the large, of the mighty

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, vast, mighty, important

Note: Agrees with 'rathavaṃśasya'

रथ-वंशस्य (ratha-vaṁśasya) - of the multitude of chariots, of the array of chariots

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rathavaṃśa

rathavaṁśa - multitude of chariots, array of chariots, lineage of chariots

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ratha+vaṃśa)

• ratha – chariot, car, carriage
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ram (class 1)
• vaṃśa – lineage, race, family, multitude, array
  noun (masculine)

नाना-ध्वज-पताकिनः (nānā-dhvaja-patākinaḥ) - of the one having various banners and flags; adorned with diverse banners and standards

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of nānādhvajapatākin

nānādhvajapatākin - having various banners and flags

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nānā+dhvaja+patākā)

• nānā – various, diverse, manifold
  indeclinable
• dhvaja – banner, flag, standard
  noun (masculine)
• patākā – banner, flag, ensign
  noun (feminine)

Note: Agrees with 'rathavaṃśasya'

बलाहक-अग्रे (balāhaka-agre) - at the front of the clouds; at the cloud-front

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of balāhakāgra

balāhakāgra - front of the clouds, cloud-front

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (balāhaka+agra)

• balāhaka – rain-cloud
  noun (masculine)
• agra – front, tip, top, summit
  noun (neuter)

सूर्यः (sūryaḥ) - sun

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sūrya

sūrya - sun, the sun god

वा (vā) - as, like (in comparison) (or, like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

यः (yaḥ) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what, whichever

एषः (eṣaḥ) - this, this one

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, that, this one, he

Note: Emphasizes 'yaḥ' - 'this very one who...'

प्रमुखे (pramukhe) - in the front, at the head, prominently

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of pramukha

pramukha - front, chief, prominent, principal

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pra+mukha)

• pra – forward, onward, in front, before
  indeclinable
• mukha – mouth, face, front, chief part
  noun (neuter)

स्थितः (sthitaḥ) - standing, situated, placed, present

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sthita

sthita - standing, situated, placed, present, fixed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root sthā (to stand).

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'yaḥ eṣaḥ'