महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-50, verse-21

एष शांतनवो भीष्मः सर्वेषां नः पितामहः ।
राजश्रियावबद्धस्तु दुर्योधनवशानुगः ॥२१॥

21. eṣa śāṁtanavo bhīṣmaḥ sarveṣāṁ naḥ pitāmahaḥ ,
rājaśriyāvabaddhastu duryodhanavaśānugaḥ.

21. eṣaḥ śāṃtanavaḥ bhīṣmaḥ sarveṣām naḥ pitāmahaḥ
rājaśriyā avabaddhaḥ tu duryodhanavaśānugaḥ

21. This Bhīṣma, the son of Śantanu, is the grandfather of all of us. However, he is bound by royal power and follows Duryodhana's command.

Words meanings summery:

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - this (person)

• शांतनवः (śāṁtanavaḥ) - Bhīṣma, son of Śantanu (son of Śantanu)

• भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhīṣma

• सर्वेषाम् (sarveṣām) - of all of us (of all)

• नः (naḥ) - of us (of us, to us)

• पितामहः (pitāmahaḥ) - grandfather

• राजश्रिया (rājaśriyā) - by royal power (by royal glory, by royal prosperity, by royal power)

• अवबद्धः (avabaddhaḥ) - bound, tied, fettered

• तु (tu) - however (but, however, on the other hand)

• दुर्योधनवशानुगः (duryodhanavaśānugaḥ) - subservient to Duryodhana's will, following Duryodhana's command

Words meanings and morphology

एषः (eṣaḥ) - this (person)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of eṣa

eṣa - this, this one

शांतनवः (śāṁtanavaḥ) - Bhīṣma, son of Śantanu (son of Śantanu)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śāṃtanava

śāṁtanava - relating to Śantanu, son of Śantanu, descendant of Śantanu

Derived from Śantanu, indicating a patronymic.

भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhīṣma

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - terrible, formidable; also a proper name of a key character in the Mahābhārata

सर्वेषाम् (sarveṣām) - of all of us (of all)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

नः (naḥ) - of us (of us, to us)

(pronoun)

Genitive, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

पितामहः (pitāmahaḥ) - grandfather

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pitāmaha

pitāmaha - paternal grandfather, great father, Brahmā

राजश्रिया (rājaśriyā) - by royal power (by royal glory, by royal prosperity, by royal power)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of rājaśrī

rājaśrī - royal glory, royal dignity, royal power, royal prosperity

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājan+śrī)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• śrī – glory, prosperity, wealth, dignity, beauty
  noun (feminine)

अवबद्धः (avabaddhaḥ) - bound, tied, fettered

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of avabaddha

avabaddha - bound, tied, fastened, fettered

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root 'bandh' (to bind) with the prefix 'ava'.

Prefix: ava

Root: bandh (class 7)

तु (tu) - however (but, however, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

दुर्योधनवशानुगः (duryodhanavaśānugaḥ) - subservient to Duryodhana's will, following Duryodhana's command

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duryodhanavaśānuga

duryodhanavaśānuga - following the will/command of Duryodhana

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (duryodhana+vaśa+anuga)

• duryodhana – Duryodhana (proper name, son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra)
  proper noun (masculine)
• vaśa – will, control, power, submission
  noun (masculine)
• anuga – following, accompanying, subservient
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from the root 'gam' (to go) with the prefix 'anu'.
  Prefix: anu
  Root: gam (class 1)